Freedom, Enslavement and Resistance

Communities formed by enslaved Africans who were content with their lives.

Self-liberated societies formed by formerly enslaved Africans.

Communities established by European colonizers to control enslaved populations.

Trading outposts where enslaved Africans and Europeans exchanged goods.

Their proximity to colonial centers for trade.

Their reliance on colonial authorities for protection.

Their remote locations in swamps, mountains, and forests.

Their strict adherence to European cultural norms.

North American Maroons were more likely to engage in open warfare with colonial forces.

North American Maroons primarily formed alliances with Native American communities, while Caribbean and Brazilian Maroons did not.

Maroon communities across the Americas shared similar characteristics, regardless of location.

North American Maroons were less successful in establishing long-term autonomous communities due to greater colonial control.

New York City

Great Dismal Swamp

Boston

Philadelphia

They provided easy access to European markets for trade.

They were difficult for colonial forces to navigate and penetrate.

They were ideal for large-scale agriculture and plantation farming.

They were densely populated, offering a large labor pool.

Maroon communities in Brazil.

Maroon communities in Spanish colonies.

Maroon communities in English colonies.

Maroon communities in French colonies.

Palenques were primarily focused on agriculture, while Quilombos emphasized military organization.

Palenques were typically smaller and less structured than Quilombos.

Palenques and Quilombos were essentially the same, with no significant differences in their organization.

The note does not provide enough information to compare Palenques and Quilombos.

To overthrow all colonial governments in the Americas.

To negotiate treaties ensuring Maroon autonomy and freedom.

To establish Maroon colonies in Europe.

To force colonial powers to abolish slavery immediately.

Establishing trade monopolies with European powers.

Serving as a military buffer between colonial forces and enslaved populations.

Converting colonial populations to African religions.

Gaining representation in colonial governments.

Maroon wars led to the immediate abolition of slavery throughout the Americas.

Maroon wars had little to no impact on colonial societies or the institution of slavery.

Maroon wars demonstrated the resilience and agency of enslaved Africans, inspiring further resistance and complicating colonial control.

Maroon wars strengthened colonial control and made it more difficult for enslaved people to escape.