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Define 'functional art' in the context of African art.
Art created not just for display, but for specific purposes (spiritual, social, political).
What is the significance of 'ritual' in African art?
Many artworks are meant to be worn and performed during rituals, creating a full sensory experience.
Define 'commissioner' in the context of African art.
The individual or group (family or ruler) who orders and owns an artwork.
What does 'participatory' mean in the context of African art?
Many artworks, like masks, are meant to be worn and performed during rituals, involving the community.
What is meant by 'cultural expression' in African art?
Art reflecting individual and collective experiences, beliefs, and values of a society.
How does African art reflect religious and spiritual beliefs?
It often honors ancestors and invokes gods/spirits, connecting with the divine and the past.
How does African art symbolize social and political power?
It represents status, wealth, and authority, acting as a visual language of leadership.
What role do ceremonies play in the presentation of African art?
Ceremonies reinforce community bonds and shared experiences, providing a context for the art's function.
How does the ownership of African art affect its meaning?
Ownership by a commissioner (family or ruler) makes the art personal and significant, tied to specific individuals or groups.
How does the 'Portrait Mask (Mblo)' exemplify the relationship between art and audience?
It is given to the honoree after a performance as a tribute and a gift, highlighting the art's personal and community value.
How does the participatory nature of African art relate to the tradition of oral history?
The performance aspect of art helps to transmit cultural knowledge and historical narratives through generations.
How does the use of masks in African rituals relate to the tradition of ancestor veneration?
Masks are often used to channel spirits and honor ancestors, maintaining a connection between the living and the dead.
How does the creation of art for social and political purposes relate to the tradition of communal governance?
Art often reinforces social hierarchies and political authority, reflecting the structure and values of the community.
How does the functional aspect of African art relate to the tradition of utilitarian craftsmanship?
Art is not just decorative but serves practical purposes, reflecting a tradition where functionality and aesthetics are intertwined.
How does the community focus of African art relate to the tradition of collective identity?
Art reinforces community bonds and shared experiences, reflecting a tradition where collective identity is prioritized over individual expression.