Later European and American Art, 1750–1980 CE
In which way does Gian Lorenzo Bernini’s “Ecstasy of Saint Teresa” manifest Counter-Reformation ideals as spearheaded by the Catholic Church?
By utilizing Protestant iconography to appeal to a wider Christian audience across Europe.
Through theatrical emotionality that serves to inspire religious fervor and devotion among viewers.
Through subdued realism that reflects a more personal, introspective spiritual experience.
By emphasizing classical stoicism as a response against overzealous religiosity of earlier art periods.
What architectural feature did Gothic cathedrals introduce that allowed walls to be filled with stained glass windows?
Flying Buttresses
Groin Vaults
Ribbed Vaults
Pendentive Domes
How does the portraiture style in "Las Meninas" by Diego Velázquez reflect the influence of Habsburg Spain's political context?
It showcases the royal family's power and affluence through intricate detail and complex composition.
It uses minimalistic aesthetics to highlight the decline in Spanish monarchic power.
It depicts rulers interacting with commoners to emphasize social equality under Habsburg rule.
It employs abstract forms to represent the political instability of Habsburg Spain.
How might analyzing Bernini’s sculptural group 'Ecstasy of Saint Teresa' through the lens of psychoanalytic theory elucidate new interpretations about religious ecstasy and sensuality?
By showing how Baroque realism is less about spiritual narratives and more about accurate human anatomy representation.
By demonstrating that Bernini intentionally avoided any overlap between sensual imagery and religious subject matter.
By revealing subconscious emotions conveyed through Teresa’s posture and expression that blur sacred-profane boundaries.
By proving that religious sculptures were direct reflections rather than interpretations of mystical experiences.
The Colosseum in Rome was mainly used for what type of event?
Political assemblies
Religious ceremonies
Royal coronations
Gladiator combats and public spectacles
How did Japanese ukiyo-e prints influence European artists during the late 19th century?
They encouraged a return to classical sculpture techniques.
They introduced new methods for oil painting landscapes.
They led to a greater focus on religious subject matter.
They inspired the use of flat areas of color and asymmetrical compositions.
What Baroque characteristic is illustrated through Caravaggio's use of tenebrism?
Emotion through theatrical illumination
Stability through symmetrical balance
Grandeur through dynamic movement
Clarity through directness & simplicity

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Which of the following is a characteristic feature of the Great Mosque of Córdoba?
Giant Buddhas
Horseshoe arches
Pyramidal structures
Fresco paintings
What is the primary function of the Great Mosque of Córdoba?
An ancient library.
A place for Islamic worship.
A royal palace.
A Christian cathedral.
The Parthenon in Athens was primarily dedicated to which deity?
Athena
Artemis
Apollo
Zeus