All Flashcards
Briefly outline the process of cellular respiration.
Glucose is converted into ATP in the mitochondria via the Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.
Briefly outline the process of photosynthesis.
Light energy is converted into chemical energy (glucose) in chloroplasts via light-dependent and light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle).
Describe the role of lysosomes in cellular recycling.
Lysosomes fuse with vesicles containing waste materials, breaking them down into reusable components.
Outline the role of the rough ER in protein synthesis and processing.
Ribosomes on the rough ER synthesize proteins, which are then folded, modified, and packaged for transport to the Golgi apparatus.
What is the effect of increased surface area (e.g., in cristae or thylakoids)?
Allows for more reactions to occur, increasing cellular efficiency (e.g., more ATP production or light capture).
What happens if the lysosomal membrane is compromised?
Hydrolytic enzymes are released into the cell, potentially causing damage and cellular self-digestion.
What is the effect of a selectively permeable plasma membrane?
It controls what enters and exits the cell, maintaining cellular homeostasis and enabling concentration gradients.
Label the following diagram of a Mitochondrion: 1. Outer Membrane, 2. Inner Membrane, 3. Cristae, 4. Matrix
1: Outer Membrane, 2: Inner Membrane, 3: Cristae, 4: Matrix
Label the following diagram of a Chloroplast: 1. Outer Membrane, 2. Inner Membrane, 3. Thylakoid, 4. Granum, 5. Stroma
1: Outer Membrane, 2: Inner Membrane, 3: Thylakoid, 4: Granum, 5: Stroma