Cell Structure and Function

A) Endoplasmic Reticulum

B) Golgi Apparatus

C) Mitochondria

D) Lysosome

A) They decrease the surface area for the Krebs cycle.

B) They increase the volume of the matrix.

C) They increase the surface area for the electron transport chain.

D) They prevent the diffusion of protons.

A) It reduces the need for ATP synthase.

B) It allows for direct transfer of electrons from the Krebs cycle to the ETC.

C) It facilitates the efficient transfer of products from the Krebs cycle to the ETC.

D) It prevents the buildup of toxic byproducts.

A) Cellular respiration

B) Protein synthesis

C) Photosynthesis

D) Waste breakdown

A) They provide structural support to the chloroplast.

B) They increase the volume of the stroma.

C) They house the photosystems and chlorophyll, essential for capturing light energy.

D) They regulate the movement of molecules into the chloroplast.

A) Both the thylakoid membrane and the stroma are involved in the Calvin cycle, with no transfer of products.

B) The thylakoid membrane is for light-independent reactions, and the stroma is for light-dependent reactions.

C) The thylakoid membrane is for light-dependent reactions, and the stroma is for the Calvin cycle; their proximity allows for efficient transfer of products.

D) The thylakoid membrane and stroma both carry out the electron transport chain, with no transfer of products.

A) To provide structural support to the cell

B) To control what enters and exits the cell

C) To synthesize proteins

D) To store genetic information

A) The phospholipid bilayer allows all molecules to pass freely, while proteins block all molecules.

B) The phospholipid bilayer allows small, nonpolar molecules to pass, while proteins facilitate the transport of larger or charged molecules.

C) The phospholipid bilayer blocks all molecules, while proteins allow all molecules to pass freely.

D) The phospholipid bilayer and proteins work together to create a rigid, impermeable barrier.

A) By allowing all molecules to pass freely, ensuring equilibrium.

B) By preventing the movement of all molecules, maintaining a static internal environment.

C) By selectively allowing certain molecules to pass while restricting others, creating concentration gradients essential for cellular processes.

D) By actively breaking down all molecules that enter the cell.

A) To synthesize proteins

B) To generate ATP

C) To break down cellular waste and debris

D) To store genetic information