All Flashcards
What is the effect of increased unsaturated fatty acids on membrane fluidity?
Increases membrane fluidity due to kinks preventing tight packing.
What happens if a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?
Water moves out of the cell, causing it to shrink.
What happens if a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?
Water moves into the cell, causing it to swell or burst.
What is the effect of cholesterol on membrane fluidity?
Helps maintain membrane fluidity by preventing it from becoming too rigid or too fluid.
What happens when a receptor protein binds to its signaling molecule?
Initiates a cellular response.
What is the effect of the hydrophobic tails of the phospholipid bilayer on polar molecules?
They repel charged and polar molecules, hindering their passage across the membrane.
Compare hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions in the membrane.
Hydrophilic: Attracted to water, located on the exterior | Hydrophobic: Repelled by water, located on the interior
Differentiate between integral and peripheral membrane proteins.
Integral: Embedded within the lipid bilayer | Peripheral: Associated with the membrane surface
Compare channel proteins and transport proteins.
Channel proteins: Facilitate passive transport through channels | Transport proteins: Actively transport substances, often using ATP
Compare glycoproteins and glycolipids.
Glycoproteins: Proteins with attached carbohydrates | Glycolipids: Lipids with attached carbohydrates
Compare the movement of polar vs. nonpolar molecules across the membrane.
Polar: Require transport proteins | Nonpolar: Pass freely
Label the phospholipid bilayer diagram: 1. Head, 2. Tail
1: Hydrophilic head, 2: Hydrophobic tail
Label the components of the membrane: 1. Phospholipid, 2. Protein
1: Phospholipid, 2: Integral protein
Identify: 1. Region that interacts with water, 2. Region that avoids water
1: Hydrophilic head region, 2: Hydrophobic tail region
Label the membrane structure: 1. Glycoprotein, 2. Phospholipid
1: Glycoprotein, 2: Phospholipid
Label the diagram of the cell membrane: 1. Integral protein, 2. Peripheral protein
1: Integral protein, 2: Peripheral protein