All Flashcards
What is the effect of endosymbiosis on eukaryotic cell structure?
The formation of membrane-bound organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts.
What is the effect of RNA splicing on protein diversity?
Allows for different combinations of exons to be joined together, creating a variety of proteins from a single gene.
What is the effect of shared traits among eukaryotes?
Strong evidence for the theory of common ancestry.
What are the key steps of Endosymbiosis?
- A prokaryotic cell engulfs another prokaryotic cell. 2. The engulfed cell establishes a symbiotic relationship. 3. Over time, the engulfed cell evolves into an organelle.
What are the steps of RNA splicing?
- Introns are transcribed along with exons. 2. Spliceosomes recognize intron-exon boundaries. 3. Introns are excised and exons are joined together.
What are the differences between Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells regarding DNA?
Prokaryotic: Circular DNA, no nucleus | Eukaryotic: Linear chromosomes, nucleus present
What are the differences between Introns and Exons?
Introns: Non-coding, removed by splicing | Exons: Coding, expressed to make proteins
What are the differences between Common Ancestry and Convergent Evolution?
Common Ancestry: Shared traits due to shared lineage | Convergent Evolution: Similar traits due to similar environmental pressures, not shared ancestry