All Flashcards
What is the effect of resonance on bond length and bond strength?
Resonance leads to bond lengths that are intermediate between single and double bonds, and bond strength that is greater than a single bond but less than a double bond.
What is the effect of a large formal charge on the stability of a Lewis structure?
A large formal charge generally decreases the stability of a Lewis structure.
What happens if you don't draw all resonance structures on the AP exam?
You may lose points, as it indicates an incomplete understanding of resonance.
What is the effect of minimizing formal charges on the stability of a Lewis structure?
Minimizing formal charges generally increases the stability of a Lewis structure.
What happens if you place a negative formal charge on a less electronegative atom?
The Lewis structure becomes less stable.
What are the key differences between resonance structures and isomers?
Resonance Structures: Represent different ways of drawing the same molecule, differ only in electron arrangement. | Isomers: Are different molecules with the same molecular formula, but different arrangements of atoms.
How do formal charge and oxidation number differ?
Formal Charge: Assumes equal sharing of electrons in a bond. | Oxidation Number: Assumes the more electronegative atom gets all the shared electrons.
What is the definition of Resonance?
Resonance is when a single Lewis structure cannot fully represent the bonding in a molecule, and the true structure is a hybrid of multiple resonance structures.
What is bond order?
Bond order is the number of chemical bonds between a pair of atoms. It can be a fraction in molecules exhibiting resonance.
What is the definition of Formal Charge?
Formal charge is the charge assigned to an atom in a molecule, assuming that electrons in all chemical bonds are shared equally between atoms.
What is a resonance hybrid?
A resonance hybrid is the actual electronic structure of a molecule or ion, which is represented by a combination of several resonance structures.
What is the formula for calculating formal charge?
Formal Charge = (Valence Electrons) - (Lone Pair Electrons) - (Number of Bonds)