Solubility
Emily Wilson
7 min read
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Study Guide Overview
This study guide covers solubility including definitions of key terms like solute, solvent, and homogeneous mixture. It explores the principle of "like dissolves like" and intermolecular forces (IMFs). It also examines saturation, saturation points, and interpreting solubility curves. Finally, it discusses factors affecting solubility such as polarity, pressure, temperature, and other factors like concentration and surface area.
#Solutions and Solubility: Your Night-Before-the-Exam Guide
Hey there, future AP Chem master! Let's dive into solutions and solubility. Remember, it's all about how substances mix and interact. You've got this!
#What is Solubility?
#The Basics
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Solubility is the ability of a substance (solute) to dissolve in another (solvent) to form a homogeneous mixture (a solution).
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"Like dissolves like": Polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents, and non-polar solutes dissolve in non-polar solvents.
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This is all about intermolecular forces (IMFs). Similar IMFs = higher solubility. 💡
Think of it like a dance party. Similar dancers (IMFs) are more likely to pair up and mingle (dissolve).
#Solubility Rules
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Certain ions tend to form soluble compounds, while others tend to form insoluble ones. (See image below)
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Don't try to memorize every single exception! You'll get the hang of it through practice. 💪
Focus on understanding the general trends rather than memorizing every single rule. You'll implicitly learn them through practice problems.
*Image Courtesy of Quizlet*
Common exceptions to solubility rules include ions like Ag+, Hg2 2+, and Pb2+.
#Saturation of Solutions
#Saturation Point
- Every solution has a saturation point: the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a given temperature.
- This point depends on temperature, the solvent, and the solute.
- Generally, higher temperatures allow more solute to dissolve (for most solids and liquids).
#Solubility Curves
- These graphs show how solubility changes with temperature.
- **X-a...
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