Using emotional language or anecdotes to evoke feelings in the audience and make the argument more relatable.

Highlighting specific ideas through repetition, strong word choice, or placement within the text to draw attention to them.

Addressing opposing viewpoints to demonstrate fairness and strengthen the argument by refuting them.

Employing specific and impactful word choices to create a particular effect or emphasize a point.

Implying that immediate action is necessary to persuade the audience to act quickly.

Establishing credibility by citing experts or demonstrating knowledge of the subject.

Asking questions not meant to be answered but to provoke thought and engage the audience.

Offering concrete instances to illustrate a point and make the argument more convincing.

Employing words like 'we' and 'us' to create a sense of unity and shared purpose with the audience.

Adopting a particular attitude (e.g., serious, humorous, sarcastic) to influence the audience's perception.

A clause that can stand alone as a sentence because it expresses a complete thought.

A clause that cannot stand alone as a sentence because it does not express a complete thought.

Creates a sense of clarity, directness, and emphasis, often used to convey urgency or importance.

Conveys nuanced ideas, establishes a formal tone, and allows for detailed explanations.

Using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance.

Makes the writing more direct, clear, and engaging by emphasizing the actor performing the action.

De-emphasizes the actor and focuses on the action itself, often used to create a more objective or formal tone.

Phrases or clauses that limit the meaning of the word they modify and are essential to the sentence's meaning.

Phrases or clauses that add extra information but are not essential to the sentence's meaning and are set off by commas.

Using a mix of sentence lengths and structures to create a more engaging and dynamic reading experience.

The emotional or cultural association of a word, beyond its literal meaning.

Examining how an author uses language and rhetoric to persuade their audience.

A clause that restricts the scope or application of an argument.

The author's attitude toward the subject or audience, conveyed through their word choice.

Language that uses figures of speech, such as metaphors and similes, to create a non-literal effect.

To change or qualify the meaning of a statement, altering its impact.

A prejudice or inclination that affects how an author presents information.

A technique used by an author to convey meaning or persuade an audience.

A method used to convince an audience to adopt a particular viewpoint or take a specific action.

The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.