All Flashcards
What is parallelism?
Using similar grammatical structures to express related ideas.
What is a periodic sentence?
A sentence where the main clause is at the end.
What is an independent clause?
A clause that can stand alone as a sentence.
What is a dependent clause?
A clause that cannot stand alone as a sentence.
What is anaphora?
The repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences.
What is epistrophe?
The repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses or sentences.
What is asyndeton?
The omission of conjunctions between clauses or phrases.
What is polysyndeton?
The use of many conjunctions in close succession.
What is a loose sentence?
A sentence where the main clause comes at the beginning.
What is a complex sentence?
A sentence containing an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.
What is the Toulmin model of argumentation?
A structure including claim, data, warrant, backing, qualifier, and rebuttal.
What is inductive reasoning?
Drawing a general conclusion from specific examples or observations.
What is deductive reasoning?
Starting with a general statement and applying it to a specific case.
Describe the purpose of a claim.
A claim is the main argument or point that the writer is trying to make.
Describe the purpose of evidence in an argument.
Evidence supports the claim and provides reasons for the audience to accept it.
What is a warrant in argumentation?
A warrant is the underlying assumption that connects the claim and the evidence.
What is the purpose of backing in an argument?
Backing provides additional support for the warrant, making it more credible.
What is the role of a qualifier in an argument?
A qualifier limits the scope of the claim, making it more precise and defensible.
What is the purpose of a rebuttal in an argument?
A rebuttal addresses potential counterarguments and explains why they are not valid.
What is the purpose of a call to action in an argument?
A call to action urges the audience to take a specific action based on the argument.
What is a straw man fallacy?
Misrepresenting an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack.
What is an ad hominem fallacy?
Attacking the person making the argument instead of the argument itself.
What is a bandwagon fallacy?
Arguing that something is true because it is popular.
What is a false dilemma fallacy?
Presenting only two options when more exist.
What is a hasty generalization fallacy?
Drawing a conclusion based on insufficient evidence.
What is a post hoc fallacy?
Assuming that because one event followed another, the first caused the second.
What is a slippery slope fallacy?
Arguing that one event will inevitably lead to a series of negative consequences.
What is an appeal to authority fallacy?
Claiming something is true simply because an authority figure said it.
What is a red herring fallacy?
Introducing an irrelevant topic to distract from the main argument.
What is a begging the question fallacy?
Assuming the conclusion in the premise of the argument.