Glossary
Age structure diagram
A graphical representation that illustrates the distribution of a population by age groups and sex, serving as a vital tool for analyzing population dynamics.
Example:
Demographers use an age structure diagram to visualize how many people are in different life stages, from childhood to old age, within a country.
Column Shape (Even Distribution)
An age structure diagram where the number of individuals in each age group is relatively consistent, indicating a stable population with birth rates close to death rates.
Example:
A country exhibiting a Column Shape (Even Distribution) diagram typically has a balanced workforce and less strain on social services.
Declining population
A demographic trend where the total number of individuals in a population decreases over time, typically due to birth rates falling below death rates.
Example:
A declining population can lead to an aging workforce and economic challenges as fewer young people enter the labor market.
Inverted Pyramid Shape (Narrow Base)
An age structure diagram with a narrow base, indicating a low birth rate and fewer young people than older people, which suggests a declining population.
Example:
Countries with an Inverted Pyramid Shape (Narrow Base) diagram may face future labor shortages and an increased burden on their social security systems.
Post-reproductive
The age category within a population, typically including individuals 45 years and older, who are generally past their prime reproductive years.
Example:
An increasing number of people in the post-reproductive age group can lead to greater demands on healthcare and retirement systems.
Pre-reproductive
The age category within a population typically encompassing individuals from 0 to 14 years old, who are not yet capable of reproduction.
Example:
A large proportion of the population falling into the pre-reproductive age group suggests a high potential for future population growth.
Pyramid Shape (Wide Base)
An age structure diagram characterized by a broad base, indicating a high birth rate and a large proportion of young, pre-reproductive individuals, which signifies rapid population growth.
Example:
A country with a Pyramid Shape (Wide Base) diagram often faces challenges in providing adequate education and resources for its rapidly expanding youth population.
Rapid population growth
A demographic trend characterized by a significant increase in population size over a relatively short period, often due to high birth rates and a large young population.
Example:
Nations experiencing rapid population growth may struggle with resource depletion and increased environmental impact.
Reproductive
The age category within a population, generally ranging from 15 to 44 years old, representing individuals who are capable of bearing offspring.
Example:
Changes in birth control access or cultural norms can significantly impact the fertility rates within the reproductive age group.
Stable population growth
A demographic trend where the population size remains relatively constant over time, with birth rates roughly balancing death rates.
Example:
Achieving stable population growth is often a goal for developed nations to ensure long-term economic and social stability.