All Flashcards
What is a constitutional monarchy?
A system of government where the monarch's power is limited by a constitution.
What is the English Bill of Rights?
A document that protects citizen rights and limits the power of the monarchy in England.
What is mercantilism?
An economic system where colonies exist to benefit the mother country by providing raw materials and serving as markets.
What is triangular trade?
A trade system involving Europe, Africa, and the Americas, often involving the exchange of goods and enslaved people.
What is limited monarchy?
A monarchy where the ruler's power is restricted by laws or a constitution.
Define 'taxation without representation'.
The practice of levying taxes on a population without granting them representation in the governing body.
What is the British East India Company?
A British company that controlled trade with India and played a significant role in British colonialism.
Define 'balance of power'.
A distribution of power among nations that prevents any single nation from dominating.
What is the Stamp Act?
A British tax on printed materials in the American colonies.
What is the Sugar Act?
A British tax on sugar and other goods imported into the American colonies.
Compare the American Revolution and the Glorious Revolution.
Glorious Revolution: Shift to constitutional monarchy in England. American Revolution: Colonies seeking independence from Britain.
Compare mercantilism and free trade.
Mercantilism: Colonies exist for the benefit of the mother country. Free trade: Trade without government intervention.
Compare the Seven Years' War in Europe and in the colonies.
Europe: Primarily a conflict over territory and power. Colonies: Focused on control of North America and trade routes.
Compare British and French colonial aims.
British: Commercial interests and territorial expansion. French: Control of trade routes and alliances with native populations.
Compare the causes of the American Revolution and the French Revolution.
American Revolution: Taxation without representation and colonial grievances. French Revolution: Social inequality and economic crisis.
Compare the outcomes of the American Revolution and the French Revolution.
American Revolution: Independence and establishment of a republic. French Revolution: Overthrow of the monarchy and social upheaval.
Compare the roles of William and Mary and King James II.
William and Mary: Invited to rule and establish a constitutional monarchy. King James II: Overthrown for his Catholic faith and absolutist policies.
Compare the British and French economies in the 18th century.
British: Stronger naval power and colonial trade. French: Weaker economy and financial struggles due to wars.
Compare the political systems of Britain and France before the French Revolution.
Britain: Constitutional monarchy with limited royal power. France: Absolute monarchy with centralized control.
Compare the impacts of the Seven Years' War on Britain and France.
Britain: Expanded territory but increased debt. France: Loss of colonial possessions and severe financial strain.
Who was King James II?
A Catholic king of England whose attempts to centralize power led to the Glorious Revolution.
Who were William and Mary?
Joint monarchs of England who came to power after the Glorious Revolution.
Who was William of Orange?
The Protestant leader who was invited to take the English throne during the Glorious Revolution.
Who was George Washington?
Commander of the Continental Army and first president of the United States.
Who was Benjamin Franklin?
An American polymath and diplomat who helped secure French support for the American Revolution.
Who was King George III?
The King of Great Britain during the American Revolution.
Who was Samuel Adams?
A leader of the American Revolution and organizer of the Boston Tea Party.
Who was Thomas Jefferson?
The primary author of the Declaration of Independence.
Who was Marquis de Lafayette?
A French aristocrat and military officer who fought for the United States in the American Revolutionary War.
Who was Robert Walpole?
Often considered the first Prime Minister of Great Britain.