Causes: Reaction against Neoclassicism, Industrial Revolution, political revolutions. Effects: Emphasis on emotion, individuality, nationalism, social critique.

Causes: Concerns about venereal disease in the military. Effects: Medical exams for suspected prostitutes, confinement if diseased, feminist outrage, eventual repeal.

Causes: Limited progress in women's rights, desire for political equality. Effects: Protests, vandalism, increased awareness, eventual suffrage for women in England.

Causes: Desire to capture fleeting moments and modern life. Effects: Loose brushstrokes, vibrant colors, emphasis on light, shift away from realism.

Causes: Dissatisfaction with Impressionism's lack of personal expression. Effects: Diverse styles, emphasis on symbolic meaning, influence on later modern art movements.

Contributed to the idea that women and non-white men were inferior to white men.

Romantic artists responded to the rapid changes and social issues brought about by industrialization.

The French Revolution and other uprisings fueled the emphasis on individual rights and freedoms.

If diseased, women were confined for months, sparking outrage among middle-class women.

Used vandalism and protests to demand women's suffrage.

A Spanish Romantic artist known for his dark and intense Pinturas Negras, reflecting the turmoil of his time.

A German Romantic painter famous for landscapes evoking awe and the sublime, like Wanderer above the Sea of Fog.

A revolutionary composer who pushed the boundaries of classical music, expressing intense personal emotions.

A key figure in Impressionism, famous for his Water Lilies and focus on light and color.

An Impressionist painter known for his paintings of dance halls and ballerinas.

The developer of Pointillism, a Post-Impressionist technique.

Focused on modern content, including the effects of imperialism.

Built upon Cezanne's work, depicting life in the South Pacific.

Leader of the Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) in England and a key figure in the suffragette movement.

Pioneered Cubism, depicting objects from multiple perspectives using geometric shapes.

An artistic movement emphasizing emotion, individuality, and the supernatural, reacting against Neoclassicism.

An art movement focused on capturing fleeting moments, light, and color with loose brushstrokes.

An art movement building on Impressionism, emphasizing personal expression and symbolic meaning.

A Post-Impressionist technique using tiny dots of color to create an image.

An early-20th-century art movement that depicts objects from multiple perspectives using geometric shapes.

Pride in one's own culture and history, often expressed through art and literature.

A militant feminist movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries advocating for women's right to vote.

Emphasis on feelings and intuition over logic and reason in artistic expression.

Celebrating the unique experience and personal perspective in art and life.

The depiction of everyday life, leisure activities, and urban scenes in art.