Renaissance and Exploration

The practice of Christianity was abandoned for native American religions across many regions in Europe.

European clothing styles drastically changed adapting native American designs and materials.

The use of written language systems in Europe showed little direct influence from Native American cultures.

European architecture underwent a drastic transformation modeling the native American styles.

By promoting the abolition of slavery in European colonies

By increasing the demand for labor in European colonies

By decreasing the profitability of plantation economies

By reducing the demand for labor in European colonies

It led to an increase in agricultural productivity which subsequently boosted economic growth.

It created a surge in luxury goods that increased wealth disparity.

It caused significant deflation leading to economic instability.

It disrupted traditional farming practices leading to widespread unemployment.

Camel

Reindeer

Horse

Giraffe

Increase in birth rates

Invasion by non-European powers

Introduction of New World crops like potatoes and corn

Decrease in wars

Through its alliance with the Ottoman Empire against Habsburgs, it fostered an unlikely partnership between an emerging Protestant nation & Muslim power.

It triggered an immediate military alliance between France & England countering Hapsburg dominance, strengthening protestant presence Europe wide.

It isolated England from Catholic nations but opened up new diplomatic relations with other Protestant countries.

By joining forces militarily with Spain against France, it solidified anglo-spanish catholic camaraderie opposing French protestant factions.

Capitalism

Feudalism

Plantation agriculture

Nomadic herding

Decreased infant mortality rates resulted in fewer maternal death scenes depicted by artists.

Population loss caused by Old World diseases exported to New World altered family structures represented in portraiture.

Urbanization due to trade expansion created new public roles for women that were reflected in genre paintings.

Increased life expectancy led artists to include more elder female figures symbolizing wisdom and longevity.

Early sixteenth century

Late fifteenth century

Late sixteenth Century

Mid seventeenth Century

The use of archaic Spanish language that is difficult to translate accurately today.

Access to only digital copies can obscure details in physical documents.

A lack of supporting secondary sources for verification purposes.

Historical context may affect the accurate interpretation of attitudes and beliefs.