Absolutism and Constitutionalism
How did mercantilist policies shape colonial relationships between Europe and the Americas in the late seventeenth century?
They encouraged equality between settlers and indigenous peoples
They led to a decrease in imperialism as colonies gained independence
They created dependencies based on resource extraction and forced labor
They promoted cultural exchange through mutual respect
What does 'The Triangular Trade' refer to?
A trading route inside Africa only.
A trade pact between three European countries.
The trading method within Asia alone.
The exchange system involving Europe, Africa, and Americas.
If the Dutch had maintained their dominance over world trade routes into the 18th century, how might this have changed England’s approach to industrialization?
England could have abandoned overseas colonies entirely, focusing on European affairs.
England might have adopted a more isolationist economic policy to avoid competition.
England may have focused on advancing financial services rather than manufacturing.
England would have sought a military alliance with Spain to counter Dutch trade.
Which outcome resulted from the establishment of joint-stock companies in Europe during the 16th and 17th centuries?
They immediately rendered traditional family partnerships obsolete across all sectors within just a few years.
Such companies rapidly decreased the dominance of mercantile city-states by shifting focus towards land-based empires.
They facilitated accumulation of large capital resources for long-term trading ventures and colonization projects.
The large-scale importation of foreign goods led to dramatic declines in local craftsmanship and artisanal production.
During the period of Economic Development and Mercantilism in Europe, what impact did gunpowder have on warfare?
It reduced the need for armies
It had no major impact on warfare
It made warfare more deadly
It made warfare less common
Which nation emerged as an economic powerhouse in Europe during the age of mercantilism?
England
Germany
Spain
Italy
How did the economic philosophy of mercantilism directly affect the policies of European monarchies during the 17th century?
They decentralized economic powers, providing more autonomy to local governments and guilds.
They reduced military expenditures to redirect funds towards cultural developments and patronage.
They encouraged free trade to foster economic competition and innovation within their borders.
They implemented protectionist trade policies to accumulate bullion and strengthen national wealth.

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What were the core elements of the Triangular Trade?
Slaves, textiles, and weapons
Gold, silver, and precious metals
Indigenous people, luxury goods, and manufactured goods
European goods, enslaved Africans, and raw materials
What was the primary measure of wealth in the mercantilist system?
Manufactured goods
Natural resources
Gold and silver
Agricultural products
What was one primary reason many European states adopted mercantile policies during the early modern period?
To reduce government involvement in business affairs for increased efficiency.
To establish universal currencies that would simplify international trade.
To promote worker rights within rapidly industrializing sectors.
To enhance state power by boosting national economies.