Scientific, Philosophical, and Political Developments
Which non-European nation was largely affected by European enlightenment principles in mid-18th century?
China during Qing dynasty reforms
Japan under Tokugawa shogunate
United States with its drafting of Constitution
Ottoman Empire with Tanzimat reforms
Which movement was directly influenced by enlightenment ideas and led to significant political changes around Europe?
French Revolution
Scientific revolution
Industrial revolution
Renaissance
Who defended freedom of speech with his famous quote "I disapprove of what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it"?
Adam Smith
Denis Diderot
Voltaire
Montesquieu
Who was Catherine II (Catherine the Great) influenced by in her approach to power in Russia?
John Locke
Immanuel Kant
Voltaire
Thomas Hobbes
What characteristic of enlightenment thinking did Napoleon Bonaparte suppress during his reign?
Support towards feudal system.
Ideals of Catholic Church.
The idea of Divine Right.
Freedom of Speech.
What was one effect of new scientific discoveries on European worldviews during the Enlightenment?
Promoting isolationism as societies focused inwardly on their own scientific developments.
Causing wide-scale rejection of technological innovations due to fear of change.
Challenging traditional beliefs about nature inspired a spirit of inquiry and skepticism.
Reinforcing church doctrines by proving religious explanations scientifically accurate.
Which Enlightenment philosopher’s ideas directly influenced Catherine the Great's law reforms?
Voltaire
Locke
Montesquieu
Rousseau

How are we doing?
Give us your feedback and let us know how we can improve
Which Enlightenment idea persisted across various scientific fields during the period?
Geocentrism
Empiricism
Aristotelian physics
Alchemy
How did the emergence of Enlightenment ideas impact the power structure in Europe?
It questioned absolute monarchy.
It imposed industrial capitalism.
It ended overseas colonialism.
It eliminated serfdom completely.
If Louis XVI had accepted constitutional monarchy during French Revolution instead resisting it, how is it most likely to impact France’s political landscape?
It would lead to an immediate return to absolute monarchy.
It could possibly prevent or delay establishment of a Republic and the subsequent Reign of Terror.
It would result in France becoming a communist state.
The French Revolution wouldn't have happened at all.