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Global Challenges

Ella Carter

Ella Carter

7 min read

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Study Guide Overview

This study guide covers Italian economic challenges (high public debt, slow growth, youth unemployment, aging population, needed reforms, non-performing loans), the Italian education system (compulsory education, public/private systems, traditional focus, centralized structure, universities, Bologna Process), and migration and borders (increasing migration, refugee crisis, political debate, integration challenges, reception centers, EU cooperation). It includes practice multiple-choice and free-response questions, focusing on analysis and connections between topics.

AP Italian Exam Study Guide: Last-Minute Review

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1. Economic Challenges in Italy: Mercato del Lavoro

Key Issues

  • High Public Debt: Italy's debt is over 160% of its GDP. 📉 *
Key Concept

This is a major hurdle for economic stability and growth.

* **Slow Economic Growth:** Compared to other EU countries, Italy's growth has been sluggish. 🐌 * This makes it harder to reduce debt and boost competitiveness. * **Youth Unemployment:** Over 30% of young Italians (15-24) are unemployed. 😟 * This is a critical social and economic challenge. * **Aging Population:** A rapidly aging population puts pressure on pensions and the workforce. 👵👴 * Fewer young workers supporting more retirees. * **Lack of Structural Reforms:** Italy needs more reforms to boost the economy and competitiveness. 🛠️ *
Exam Tip

Look for connections between economic reforms and other issues like unemployment in FRQs.

* **High Non-Performing Loans:** Banks struggle with bad loans, hindering lending and growth. 🏦 * This reduces the availability of credit for businesses.

Economic Issues

*Image courtesy of DTM*
Practice Question

Multiple Choice Questions

  1. Which of the following is a significant factor contributing to Italy's economic challenges? a) Low public debt b) Rapid economic growth c) High youth unemployment d) A young population

  2. What is a consequence of Italy's high level of non-performing loans? a) Increased lending to businesses b) Hindered economic growth c) Reduced public debt d) Increased youth employment

Free Response Question

Discuss the interconnectedness of at least three factors contributing to Italy's economic difficulties. Explain how these factors affect each other and the overall economic stability of the country. (6 points)

  • Point 1: Identify and explain the first e...
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