What is the meaning of 'interea'?
Meanwhile
What is the meaning of 'misceri'?
To be mixed (present passive infinitive)
What is the meaning of 'murmure'?
With a roar (ablative)
What is the meaning of 'nimbus'?
Storm cloud (nominative)
What is the meaning of 'commixta'?
Mixed (ablative)
What is the meaning of 'grandine'?
With hail (ablative)
What is the meaning of 'sanguine cretum'?
Born from blood (ablative)
What is the meaning of 'dignetur'?
Deems worthy (present subjunctive)
What is the meaning of 'iungere'?
To join (present infinitive)
What is the meaning of 'luxu'?
In luxury (ablative)
What is the meaning of 'cupidine'?
With desire (ablative)
What is the meaning of 'foeda'?
Shameful (nominative)
What is the meaning of 'diffundit'?
Spreads (present active indicative)
What is the meaning of 'aggerat'?
Piles up (present active indicative)
Explain the use of the ablative case in the phrase 'magno murmure'.
It is an ablative of manner, describing how the sky is mixed.
What is the significance of the present passive infinitive 'misceri'?
It shows that the sky is being acted upon, emphasizing the chaotic nature of the storm.
Explain the mood and tense of 'dignetur'.
'Dignetur' is in the present subjunctive mood, indicating Dido's perception of her own worthiness, not a factual statement.
Identify and explain the case of 'Troiano sanguine'.
'Troiano sanguine' is in the ablative case. Here, it functions as an ablative of origin, indicating that Aeneas was born from Trojan blood.
What is the grammatical function of 'pronuba Iuno'?
It's an appositive, describing Juno as the 'Juno of the Nuptials,' highlighting her role in orchestrating the union.
Explain the tense and voice of 'fovere'.
'Fovere' is an infinitive, which is used to describe the action of cherishing the winter, emphasizing the duration and indulgence of their time together.
What is the grammatical function of 'haec' in line 195?
'Haec' is a neuter plural accusative pronoun, referring to the rumors and gossip that Fama is spreading.
Explain the use of the present active indicative 'diffundit'.
It shows that the goddess is actively spreading the rumors, highlighting the immediate and ongoing impact of her actions.
What is the grammatical function of 'animum' in line 197?
'Animum' is an accusative singular noun, the direct object of 'incendit', indicating that she inflames his mind.
What is the grammatical function of 'iras' in line 197?
'Iras' is an accusative plural noun, the direct object of 'aggerat', indicating that she piles up his angers.
What is the significance of 'pietas' in relation to Aeneas?
Aeneas embodies the Roman ideal of *pietas* (duty), which is his responsibility to found Rome, often conflicting with his personal desires.
What is the role of Juno in the Aeneid?
Driven by her hatred for the Trojans, Juno is a primary antagonist, constantly interfering in human affairs to prevent Aeneas from reaching Italy.
Explain the significance of the storm and cave scene.
The storm is divine intervention orchestrated by Juno, and the cave is a symbolic 'wedding' marking a turning point in Dido and Aeneas's relationship.
What does 'Dardanius nepos Veneris' refer to, and why is it significant?
It refers to Ascanius/Iulus, Aeneas's son. It's significant because it connects Aeneas to his lineage and future Roman descendants.
What is the significance of Fama (Rumor) in the Aeneid?
Fama is personified as a monstrous goddess who spreads gossip, highlighting the destructive power of rumors and escalating conflict.
What does Iarbas's rage reveal about cultural values?
His rage reveals the cultural importance of honor, kingship, and divine respect. He feels betrayed and questions Jupiter's justice, reflecting societal expectations.
What is the significance of Iarbas calling Aeneas 'Paris'?
By comparing Aeneas to Paris, Iarbas is criticizing Aeneas for being weak and effeminate, undermining his heroic image.
How does the Aeneid reflect Roman values regarding fate and free will?
The poem explores the tension between fate (Aeneas's destiny to found Rome) and free will, showing how gods manipulate events, but characters also make choices.
What is the cultural significance of the theme 'love and duty' in the Aeneid?
It reflects the Roman emphasis on duty to the state and family, often at the expense of personal desires, highlighting the conflict Aeneas faces.
How does divine intervention shape the events in the Aeneid?
The gods actively participate in the human world, often with disastrous consequences, highlighting the power of fate and the limitations of human agency.
What does the phrase 'fortuna audaces iuvat' mean in the context of Roman values?
It means 'fortune favors the bold,' reflecting the Roman admiration for courage and daring, suggesting that success comes to those who take risks.
