Revise later
SpaceTo flip
If confident
All Flashcards
What is voice leading?
How individual voices move from chord to chord, creating smooth transitions.
Define parallel motion.
Voices move in the same direction by the same interval.
Define similar motion.
Voices move in the same direction but by different intervals.
Define oblique motion.
One voice stays put while the other moves.
Define contrary motion.
Voices move in opposite directions.
What is SATB?
Soprano, Alto, Tenor, and Bass - the four main vocal parts in choral music.
Define harmonic progression.
Predictable sequences of diatonic chords that create structure and emotional impact.
What is a cadence?
A musical punctuation mark that provides different levels of resolution.
Define Half Cadence (HC).
Ends on a V chord; feels unresolved.
Define Deceptive Cadence (DC).
V chord moves to a non-tonic chord (often vi/VI); creates a surprise.
Define Plagal Cadence (PC).
Moves from IV/iv to I; a strong resolution, often called the 'amen' cadence.
Define Authentic Cadence (AC).
V (or vii) resolves to I.
Define Perfect Authentic Cadence (PAC).
Both V and I are in root position, and the soprano ends on scale degree 1; the strongest resolution.
Define Imperfect Authentic Cadence (IAC).
Either V or I is inverted, or the soprano ends on a non-tonic pitch.
Why avoid parallel fifths and octaves?
They create a harmonically weak and undesirable sound in CPP voice leading.
What is the best practice for melodic intervals?
Use major and minor seconds, thirds, perfect fourths, and perfect fifths melodically. Avoid augmented, diminished intervals, and leaps larger than a perfect fifth.
How should the leading tone resolve?
Resolve the leading tone in an outer voice (soprano or bass) up by step.
What kind of motion is preferred?
Balance upward and downward motion with steps and leaps. Stepwise motion is preferred.
What is the recommendation for leaps in the bass line?
Use thirds, perfect fourths, fifths, sixths, and octaves. Octave leaps should change direction. Successive leaps can outline a triad.
What should you avoid between outer voices?
Avoid augmented and diminished intervals, especially tritones, between outer voices.
What should you avoid between voices?
Avoid chromatic alterations between voices, especially in minor keys with raised sevenths (cross-relations).
What is the rule for doubling triads?
Whenever voice leading allows, double the root of a triad.
When can you omit the fifth in a chord?
If you omit the fifth in a root-position seventh chord, double the root.
What is the doubling rule for 6/4 chords?
Always double the bass in 6/4 chords.
How should chordal sevenths be approached?
Chordal sevenths should be approached by step or common tone.
How should chordal sevenths resolve?
Chordal sevenths should resolve down by step, unless suspended or in a I-V4/3-I6 progression.
What is voice leading?
How individual voices move from chord to chord, creating smooth transitions.
Define parallel motion.
Voices move in the same direction by the same interval.
Define similar motion.
Voices move in the same direction but by different intervals.
Define oblique motion.
One voice stays put while the other moves.
Define contrary motion.
Voices move in opposite directions.
What is SATB?
Soprano, Alto, Tenor, and Bass - the four main vocal parts in choral music.
What is a half cadence?
A cadence that ends on a V chord, creating an unresolved feeling.
What is a deceptive cadence?
A cadence where the V chord moves to a non-tonic chord (often vi/VI), creating a surprise.
What is a plagal cadence?
A cadence that moves from IV/iv to I, a strong resolution often called the 'amen' cadence.
What is an authentic cadence?
A cadence where V (or vii) resolves to I.
What is a PAC?
Perfect Authentic Cadence: Both V and I are in root position, and the soprano ends on scale degree 1.
What is an IAC?
Imperfect Authentic Cadence: Either V or I is inverted, or the soprano ends on a non-tonic pitch.