All Flashcards
Define stepwise motion.
Movement between two adjacent notes in a musical scale.
What is a leading-tone seventh chord?
A seventh chord built on the leading tone of a scale (ⅶ°7 or ⅶø7).
Define tonic prolongation.
The extension of the tonic chord's presence through other chords while maintaining a sense of tonic.
What is a cadence?
A harmonic or melodic configuration that creates a sense of resolution or closure.
Define authentic cadence.
A cadence consisting of a V-I (or V7-I) progression, providing a strong sense of resolution.
Define half cadence.
A cadence that ends on the V chord, creating a pause or incomplete feeling.
Define deceptive cadence.
A cadence that progresses from V to vi (or another unexpected chord), creating a sense of surprise.
Define plagal cadence.
A cadence that progresses from IV to I, often described as a gentle or 'amen' cadence.
Define voice crossing.
When two voices exchange their positions on the staff, violating the proper SATB order.
Define parallel fifths.
The movement of two voices from one perfect fifth to another perfect fifth.
Define parallel octaves.
The movement of two voices from one perfect octave to another perfect octave.
What is the function of a vii°7 chord?
Dominant substitute or tonic prolongation.
What is the function of a viiø7 chord?
Dominant substitute or tonic prolongation.
What is the typical resolution of the 7th in a V7 chord?
Down by step.
In what position is vii°7 typically used in a vii°7-I cadence?
Root position.
What is the harmonic function of ⅶ°7 in a cadence?
Dominant function (leading to tonic).
What is the harmonic function of I-ⅶ6/5-I?
Tonic prolongation.
What cadence is V-I?
Authentic Cadence.
What cadence is IV-I?
Plagal Cadence.
What cadence is V-vi?
Deceptive Cadence.