All Flashcards
Compare kinetic and potential energy in SHM.
Kinetic Energy: Energy of motion, maximum at equilibrium. | Potential Energy: Stored energy, maximum at extreme positions.
Differentiate between maximum kinetic energy and maximum potential energy in SHM.
Maximum Kinetic Energy: Occurs at equilibrium, velocity is maximum. | Maximum Potential Energy: Occurs at extreme positions, velocity is zero.
Define Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM).
Periodic motion where the restoring force is proportional to the displacement, like a mass on a spring.
What is kinetic energy?
The energy of motion, dependent on mass and velocity.
What is potential energy?
Stored energy, dependent on position relative to the equilibrium point.
Define equilibrium position in SHM.
The point where the net force is zero.
Define amplitude in SHM.
The maximum displacement from the equilibrium position.
What is the formula for elastic potential energy?
The potential energy stored in a spring, given by , where k is the spring constant and x is the displacement.
What is the effect of doubling the amplitude in SHM on total energy?
The total energy increases by a factor of four (quadruples).
What happens to kinetic energy as an oscillating object moves towards its equilibrium position?
Kinetic energy increases as the object gains speed.
What happens to potential energy as a spring is maximally compressed?
Potential energy is at its maximum.
What is the effect of increasing the spring constant on the maximum speed?
Increasing the spring constant increases the maximum speed.
What happens to the total energy of a system if friction is present?
The total energy decreases over time as mechanical energy is converted into thermal energy.
What happens to the velocity of an object at maximum displacement?
The velocity is zero.