What is the effect of increasing the net force on an object?
The object's acceleration increases proportionally (Newton's Second Law).
What happens when the net force on an object is zero?
The object is in equilibrium (either at rest or moving with constant velocity).
What is the effect of increasing the angle of an inclined plane on the component of weight acting parallel to the plane?
The component of weight acting parallel to the plane increases, potentially increasing the object's acceleration down the plane.
What happens when an object exerts a force on another object?
The second object exerts an equal and opposite force back on the first object (Newton's Third Law).
What is the effect of increasing the coefficient of friction between two surfaces?
The frictional force between the surfaces increases, opposing motion more strongly.
What are the differences between contact forces and field forces?
Contact Forces: Require physical contact (e.g., friction, normal force) | Field Forces: Act at a distance (e.g., gravity)
What are the key differences between static and kinetic friction?
Static Friction: Opposes the start of motion; can vary up to a maximum value. | Kinetic Friction: Opposes motion once it has started; constant value.
Compare and contrast the Normal Force and Weight.
Normal Force: Perpendicular to the surface, reaction force to an object pressing on a surface. | Weight: Force of gravity, always directed downwards.
Differentiate between action and reaction forces according to Newton's Third Law.
Action Force: Force exerted by object A on object B. | Reaction Force: Force exerted by object B on object A; equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the action force.
What is the difference between mass and weight?
Mass: A measure of the amount of matter in an object (scalar). | Weight: The force of gravity acting on an object (vector), $W=mg$.
What are the steps to create a Free-Body Diagram?
1. Represent the object as a dot or box. 2. Draw vectors representing all external forces acting *on* the object. 3. Label each force vector.
How do you determine the resultant force?
1. Identify all forces acting on the object. 2. Resolve forces into components (if necessary). 3. Add force vectors using vector addition.
Describe how to solve a problem using Newton's Second Law.
1. Draw a free-body diagram. 2. Determine the net force acting on the object. 3. Apply the equation $F = ma$ to find the acceleration.
What are the steps to calculate acceleration given force and mass?
1. Identify the net force (F) acting on the object. 2. Identify the mass (m) of the object. 3. Use Newton's Second Law, $a = F/m$, to calculate the acceleration.
How to apply Newton's Third Law to identify force pairs?
1. Identify an action force exerted by object A on object B. 2. Identify the reaction force exerted by object B on object A. 3. Confirm the forces are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction.
