All Flashcards
How do you calculate Work?
W = Fd, where W is work (in Joules, J), F is the force (in Newtons, N), and d is the distance (in meters, m).
How do you calculate Kinetic Energy?
K = (1/2)mv^2, where K is kinetic energy (in Joules, J), m is mass (in kilograms, kg), and v is velocity (in meters per second, m/s).
How do you calculate Gravitational Potential Energy?
Ug = mgh, where Ug is gravitational potential energy (in Joules, J), m is mass (in kilograms, kg), g is acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s² on Earth), and h is height (in meters, m).
How do you calculate Elastic Potential Energy?
U_{sp} = (1/2)kx^2, where Usp is elastic potential energy (in Joules, J), k is the spring constant (in N/m), and x is the displacement from equilibrium (in meters, m).
How do you calculate Power?
P = W/t or P = \Delta K/t, where P is power (in Watts, W), W is work (in Joules, J), \Delta K is the change in kinetic energy (in Joules, J), and t is time (in seconds, s).
What happens when work is done on an object?
The object's energy changes (typically kinetic energy, according to the Work-Energy Principle).
What happens when a spring is compressed or stretched?
Elastic potential energy is stored in the spring.
What happens when an object is raised to a certain height?
The object gains gravitational potential energy.
What happens when friction acts on a moving object?
Mechanical energy is converted to thermal energy, reducing the object's kinetic energy and/or potential energy.
What happens when energy is transferred to a system?
The total energy of the system increases.
What is the definition of Work?
Work is when a force moves an object over a distance. It is a scalar quantity measured in Joules (J).
What is the definition of Energy?
Energy is the capacity to do work. It comes in many forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, etc.
What is the definition of Kinetic Energy?
Kinetic Energy (K) is the energy of motion.
What is the definition of Gravitational Potential Energy?
Gravitational Potential Energy (Ug) is the energy due to height above a reference point.
What is the definition of Elastic Potential Energy?
Elastic Potential Energy (Usp) is the energy stored in a spring or elastic material.
What is the definition of Power?
Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.
What is an open system?
An open system allows both matter and energy to be exchanged with its surroundings.
What is a closed system?
A closed system allows energy exchange but not matter exchange with its surroundings.
What is mechanical energy?
Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system.