All Flashcards
What are the differences between open and closed systems?
Open System: Exchanges both matter and energy with surroundings. | Closed System: Exchanges energy but not matter with surroundings.
What are the differences between kinetic and potential energy?
Kinetic Energy: Energy of motion, depends on mass and velocity. | Potential Energy: Energy of position/configuration, depends on position or deformation.
What are the differences between gravitational and elastic potential energy?
Gravitational PE: Energy due to height. | Elastic PE: Energy stored in a spring.
What are the differences between Work and Power?
Work: Energy transferred by a force acting over a distance. | Power: Rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.
What is the definition of Work?
Work is when a force moves an object over a distance. It is a scalar quantity measured in Joules (J).
What is the definition of Energy?
Energy is the capacity to do work. It comes in many forms: kinetic, potential, thermal, etc.
What is the definition of Kinetic Energy?
Kinetic Energy (K) is the energy of motion.
What is the definition of Gravitational Potential Energy?
Gravitational Potential Energy (Ug) is the energy due to height above a reference point.
What is the definition of Elastic Potential Energy?
Elastic Potential Energy (Usp) is the energy stored in a spring or elastic material.
What is the definition of Power?
Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is transferred.
What is an open system?
An open system allows both matter and energy to be exchanged with its surroundings.
What is a closed system?
A closed system allows energy exchange but not matter exchange with its surroundings.
What is mechanical energy?
Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system.
What happens when work is done on an object?
The object's energy changes.
What happens when a spring is compressed or stretched?
Elastic potential energy is stored in the spring.
What happens when an object is raised to a certain height?
The object's gravitational potential energy increases.
What happens when friction acts on a moving object?
Mechanical energy is converted to thermal energy.
What happens when non-conservative forces are present in a system?
The total mechanical energy of the system is not conserved.
What is the effect of increasing the velocity of an object on its kinetic energy?
Increasing the velocity of an object results in a quadratic increase in its kinetic energy.