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  1. AP Physics 2 Revised
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What is the effect of moving a charge along an equipotential line?

No work is done.

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What is the effect of moving a charge along an equipotential line?

No work is done.

What happens if there is charge separation?

An electric potential difference is created.

What happens when equipotential lines are closer together?

The electric field is stronger.

What happens when a positive test charge is placed in an electric field?

It moves in the direction of decreasing potential (from high to low).

How do you calculate electric potential due to multiple charges?

Use scalar superposition: sum the individual potentials from each charge. V=14πε0∑iqiriV=\frac{1}{4 \pi \varepsilon_{0}} \sum_{i} \frac{q_{i}}{r_{i}}V=4πε0​1​∑i​ri​qi​​

How do batteries create electric potential difference?

Chemical processes in batteries create charge separation, resulting in electric potential differences.

What happens when conductors touch?

Electrons move until they reach the same electric potential.

How do you calculate electric potential due to multiple charges?

Use scalar superposition: sum the individual potentials from each charge: V=14πε0∑iqiriV=\frac{1}{4 \pi \varepsilon_{0}} \sum_{i} \frac{q_{i}}{r_{i}}V=4πε0​1​i∑​ri​qi​​.

How do batteries create an electric potential difference?

Chemical processes in batteries create charge separation, resulting in electric potential differences.

What happens when conductors touch regarding electric potential?

Electrons move until they reach the same electric potential.