Beta-minus: Neutron transforms into a proton, emits electron and antineutrino. | Beta-plus: Proton transforms into a neutron, emits positron and neutrino.

Alpha: Emission of a helium nucleus, changes mass and atomic number significantly. | Beta: Emission of an electron or positron, changes only atomic number.

Neutrinos: Emitted in beta-plus decay. | Antineutrinos: Emitted in beta-minus decay. Both are electrically neutral and have nearly zero mass.

Alpha particle: Consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, has mass and charge. | Gamma ray: Is a high-energy photon, massless and chargeless.

Electron: negatively charged particle emitted in beta-minus decay. | Positron: positively charged particle emitted in beta-plus decay.

A nucleus emits an alpha particle ($^4_2He$), decreasing the atomic number by 2 and the mass number by 4.

A neutron transforms into a proton, emitting an electron ($e^-$) and an antineutrino ($\bar{v}$), increasing the atomic number by 1, while the mass number remains the same.

A proton transforms into a neutron, emitting a positron ($e^+$) and a neutrino ($v$), decreasing the atomic number by 1, while the mass number remains the same.

An excited nucleus releases energy by emitting a gamma ray photon ($\gamma$). The atomic number and mass number remain unchanged.

A particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons, equivalent to a helium nucleus ($He^{2+}$).

An electrically neutral particle with nearly zero mass, emitted in beta-plus decay.

The process where unstable atomic nuclei release energy and particles to become more stable.

A particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons, equivalent to a helium nucleus ($mathrm{He}^{2+}$).

An electrically neutral particle with nearly zero mass, emitted in beta-plus decay.

A particle with the same mass as an electron but with a positive charge, also known as an antielectron ($e^{+}$ or $\beta^{+}$).

An electrically neutral particle with nearly zero mass, emitted in beta-minus decay.

A high-energy photon emitted by an excited nucleus during gamma decay ($gamma$).