Beta-minus: Neutron transforms into a proton, emitting an electron and antineutrino. | Beta-plus: Proton transforms into a neutron, emitting a positron and neutrino.

Alpha Decay: Ejects a helium nucleus, changes element. | Gamma Decay: Ejects a high energy photon, element remains the same.

Neutrino: Emitted in beta-plus decay. | Antineutrino: Emitted in beta-minus decay.

Electron: Negatively charged. | Positron: Positively charged (anti-electron).

Alpha Particle: Consists of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, +2 charge, relatively massive. | Beta Particle: Electron or positron, -1 or +1 charge, much less massive.

The process where unstable atomic nuclei release energy and particles to become more stable.

A particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons, equivalent to a helium nucleus ($mathrm{He}^{2+}$).

An electrically neutral particle with nearly zero mass, emitted in beta-plus decay.

A particle with the same mass as an electron but with a positive charge, also known as an antielectron ($e^{+}$ or $\beta^{+}$).

An electrically neutral particle with nearly zero mass, emitted in beta-minus decay.

A high-energy photon emitted by an excited nucleus during gamma decay ($gamma$).

A nucleus emits an alpha particle ($^4_2He$), decreasing the atomic number by 2 and the mass number by 4.

A neutron transforms into a proton, emitting an electron ($e^-$) and an antineutrino ($\bar{v}$), increasing the atomic number by 1, while the mass number remains the same.

A proton transforms into a neutron, emitting a positron ($e^+$) and a neutrino ($v$), decreasing the atomic number by 1, while the mass number remains the same.

An excited nucleus releases energy by emitting a gamma ray photon ($\gamma$). The atomic number and mass number remain unchanged.

A particle consisting of two protons and two neutrons, equivalent to a helium nucleus ($He^{2+}$).

An electrically neutral particle with nearly zero mass, emitted in beta-plus decay.