Electric Force, Field, and Potential

Which of the following components is essential for constructing a parallel-plate capacitor?

The capacitance $C$ of a capacitor is defined as:

How does increasing the plate separation of a parallel-plate capacitor affect its capacitance?

A parallel-plate capacitor has an area $A = 2 , \text{m}^2$ and a plate separation of $d = 1 , \text{mm}$. If the dielectric constant $\kappa = 1$, what is the capacitance? ($\varepsilon_0 = 8.85 \times 10^{-12} , \text{F/m}$)

A parallel-plate capacitor has a charge $Q$ on its plates and an area $A$. If the dielectric constant is $\kappa$, what is the electric field strength $E_C$ between the plates?

A charged particle is placed between the plates of a capacitor. If the charge on the plates is doubled, how does the electric force on the particle change?

How is the energy stored in a capacitor related to the voltage across it?

A capacitor with capacitance $C = 4 , \mu\text{F}$ is charged to a voltage of $V = 10 , \text{V}$. How much energy is stored in the capacitor?

A capacitor is charged and then disconnected from the voltage source. If the plate separation is doubled, how does the stored energy change?

A capacitor is connected to a voltage source. When a dielectric material is inserted between the plates, what happens to the charge on the capacitor, assuming the voltage remains constant?