All Flashcards
What are the key differences between static and kinetic friction?
Static Friction: Prevents motion, variable magnitude up to a maximum. Kinetic Friction: Opposes motion, constant magnitude.
Compare external and internal forces in the context of FBDs.
External Forces: Act on the object from outside the system, included in FBD. Internal Forces: Act within the object, not included in FBD.
Differentiate between applied force and normal force.
Applied Force: A force exerted directly on an object. Normal Force: A reaction force exerted by a surface in response to an object pressing against it.
What is the difference between resistive force and friction?
Resistive Force: Opposes motion through a fluid (like air). Friction: Opposes motion between solid surfaces.
What is the difference between gravitational force and buoyant force?
Gravitational Force: Force of attraction towards the Earth. Buoyant Force: Upward force exerted by a fluid on an object.
Define Free-Body Diagram (FBD).
A visual representation of all external forces acting on an object.
What is Gravitational Force?
The force of attraction between objects with mass, directed towards the center of the Earth.
Define Normal Force.
The force exerted by a surface on an object in contact with it, perpendicular to the surface.
What is Friction?
A force that opposes relative motion between surfaces in contact.
Define Buoyant Force.
An upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object.
What is Applied Force?
A force that is directly applied to an object by another object.
What is the effect of increasing the temperature of a gas in a cylinder?
If volume is constant, pressure increases. If pressure is constant, volume increases (Ideal Gas Law).
What is the effect of friction on a sliding object?
It opposes the motion, causing the object to slow down or preventing it from starting to move.
What is the effect of applying an external force to an object?
It causes the object to accelerate in the direction of the net force (Newton's Second Law).
What is the effect of increasing the volume of a gas in a cylinder?
If temperature is constant, pressure decreases. If temperature increases, pressure may remain constant (Ideal Gas Law).
What is the effect of gravity on an object?
It causes the object to accelerate downwards towards the Earth.
What is the effect of buoyant force on an object submerged in fluid?
It reduces the apparent weight of the object.