All Flashcards
How do you calculate the total resistance of resistors in series?
Add the individual resistances: Rₛ = R₁ + R₂ + R₃ + ...
How do you calculate the total resistance of resistors in parallel?
Use the reciprocal formula: 1/Rₚ = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + 1/R₃ + ...
How do you calculate resistance (R) given resistivity (ρ), length (L), and cross-sectional area (A)?
Use the formula: R = ρL/A
How do you calculate electrical power (P) given current (I) and voltage (V)?
Use the formula: P = IV. You can also use P = I²R or P = V²/R if you know current and resistance, or voltage and resistance.
How do you calculate the terminal voltage (Vₜ) of a battery given EMF (ε), current (I), and internal resistance (r)?
Use the formula: ε = V_T + Ir, rearranged to V_T = ε - Ir
In the circuit diagram of EMF, label the EMF, internal resistance, and terminal voltage.
1: EMF (ε), 2: Internal Resistance (r), 3: Terminal Voltage (V_T)
Label the components in a simple series circuit diagram with a battery and two resistors.
1: Battery (Voltage Source), 2: Resistor R1, 3: Resistor R2
Label the components in a simple parallel circuit diagram with a battery and two resistors.
1: Battery (Voltage Source), 2: Resistor R1, 3: Resistor R2
What are the differences between Resistivity (ρ) and Resistance (R)?
Resistivity: Material property (Ω⋅m), independent of dimensions | Resistance: Object property (Ω), depends on material, length, and area.
What are the differences between Ohmic and Non-Ohmic devices?
Ohmic: Follows Ohm's Law (V=IR), linear V-I graph | Non-Ohmic: Does not follow Ohm's Law, non-linear V-I graph.
What are the differences between EMF and Terminal Voltage?
EMF: Total voltage provided by a battery before current flows | Terminal Voltage: Actual voltage available in a circuit when current is flowing, accounting for internal resistance.
Compare and contrast resistors in series and parallel.
Series: Current is the same through all resistors, total resistance increases. | Parallel: Voltage is the same across all resistors, total resistance decreases.