Thermodynamic Systems

This study guide covers thermodynamics in AP Physics 2, focusing on heat and energy. It explains classical and statistical thermodynamics, emphasizing the connection between macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. Key topics include gases, machines, engines, PV diagrams, refrigerators, and heat pumps. The guide also distinguishes between objects and systems and highlights the importance of sign conventions. Finally, it provides exam tips, focusing on the laws of thermodynamics, PV diagram analysis, and common problem areas like sign errors and process misinterpretations.