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In a typical Atwood machine diagram, label the forces acting on each mass.
For m1: Tension (T) upwards, weight (m1g) downwards. For m2: Tension (T) upwards, weight (m2g) downwards.
Label a free-body diagram for a block being pushed horizontally.
Applied force (F) to the right, Normal Force (N) upwards, Weight (mg) downwards, and Friction (f) to the left (if applicable).
Label the forces acting on a swimmer pushing off a wall.
Force by swimmer on wall (action), Force by wall on swimmer (reaction).
Label the forces acting on a block being pulled by a string.
Tension (T) along the string, weight (mg) downwards, normal force (N) upwards.
Label the forces acting on a child on a swing at rest.
Tension (T_L) and (T_R) upwards, Weight (W) downwards.
What are the steps to derive the acceleration formula for an Atwood machine?
1. Draw free body diagrams for each mass. 2. Apply Newton's Second Law (ฮฃF=ma) to each mass. 3. Combine the equations to eliminate tension and solve for acceleration (a).
How do you identify force pairs according to Newton's Third Law?
1. Identify the interacting objects. 2. Determine the type of force (tension, friction, gravity, etc.). 3. Visualize the direction of the forces; they must be opposite.
What is the first step in analyzing an Atwood machine problem?
Draw free-body diagrams for each mass, showing tension (T) and weight (mg).
After drawing free body diagrams, what's the next step in solving Atwood machine problems?
Apply Newton's Second Law (ฮฃF = ma) to each mass.
What is the final step to calculate the acceleration of an Atwood machine?
Eliminate tension (T) from the two equations and solve for acceleration (a).
What is the effect of one object exerting a force on another object?
The second object exerts an equal and opposite force back on the first object.
What happens if the masses in an Atwood machine are equal?
The system remains in equilibrium (no acceleration).
What happens when you push on a wall?
The wall pushes back on you with an equal and opposite force.
What is the effect of Dave pushing off the ground?
Dave accelerates upwards.
What happens when a swimmer pushes on the wall?
The wall pushes back on the swimmer, propelling them forward.