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What is Newton's First Law?
An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same velocity, unless a net force acts on it.
What is inertia?
Inertia is an object's resistance to change in its state of motion.
What is translational equilibrium?
Translational equilibrium occurs when the vector sum of all forces acting on an object equals zero, resulting in no net force and no acceleration.
What is static equilibrium?
Static equilibrium is when an object is at rest and the net force acting on it is zero.
What is dynamic equilibrium?
Dynamic equilibrium is when an object is moving at a constant velocity and the net force acting on it is zero.
What is an inertial reference frame?
An inertial reference frame is one in which Newton's first law holds true; it is a non-accelerating frame.
What is the effect of a net force acting on an object?
The object accelerates in the direction of the net force.
What happens if the net force on an object is zero?
The object maintains its state of motion (either at rest or moving at a constant velocity).
What is the effect of balanced forces on an object?
The object's velocity remains constant; it is in translational equilibrium.
What is the effect of unbalanced forces on an object?
The object accelerates in the direction of the net force.
Differentiate between balanced and unbalanced forces.
Balanced forces: Net force is zero, no change in velocity. Unbalanced forces: Non-zero net force, causes acceleration.
What is the difference between inertial and non-inertial reference frames?
Inertial frames: Newton's First Law holds. Non-inertial frames: Accelerating or rotating, require fictitious forces.
Compare equilibrium and 'no motion'.
Equilibrium: Constant velocity (can be zero). 'No motion': Object is at rest (zero velocity).