What is the effect of applying a net external force to a system?
The momentum of the system changes at a rate proportional to the net external force: $\vec{F}_{\text {net }}=\frac{d \vec{p}}{d t}$
What is the effect of a large impulse on an object?
A large impulse results in a large change in the object's momentum.
What happens when the area under a force-time graph is large?
A large area under the force-time graph indicates a large impulse delivered to the object.
What is the effect of applying a constant net force over time?
Applying a constant net force over time results in a uniform change in momentum.
What is the effect of an object hitting a wall and bouncing back?
The object experiences a change in momentum and exerts an equal and opposite impulse on the wall.
How do you calculate impulse using a force-time graph?
The impulse is equal to the area under the force-time graph between the initial and final times.
How do you determine the net external force from a momentum-time graph?
The net external force is equal to the slope of the momentum-time graph at a given point in time.
What are the steps to calculate the change in momentum?
1. Determine the initial momentum ($\vec{p}_0$). 2. Determine the final momentum ($\vec{p}$). 3. Subtract the initial momentum from the final momentum: $\Delta \vec{p}=\vec{p}-\vec{p}_{0}$
How to calculate impulse when the force is a function of time?
1. Identify the net force as a function of time, $\vec{F}_{\text {net }}(t)$. 2. Determine the time interval $[t_1, t_2]$. 3. Integrate the force function over the time interval: $\vec{J}=\int_{t_{1}}^{t_{2}} \vec{F}_{\text {net }}(t) d t$.
How do you apply the impulse-momentum theorem to solve a problem?
1. Identify the impulse acting on the object. 2. Identify the initial and final momentum of the object. 3. Set the impulse equal to the change in momentum: $\vec{J} = \Delta \vec{p}$. 4. Solve for the unknown quantity.
What is impulse?
The effect of a force acting over a time interval; a 'push' that changes momentum. Mathematically, it's the integral of force with respect to time: $\vec{J}=\int_{t_{1}}^{t_{2}} \vec{F}_{\text {net }}(t) d t$
Define momentum.
Momentum is a measure of mass in motion; it is a vector quantity defined as the product of an object's mass and its velocity: $\vec{p} = m\vec{v}$
What is the impulse-momentum theorem?
The impulse-momentum theorem states that the impulse applied to an object is equal to the change in its momentum: $\vec{J} = \Delta \vec{p}$
What is net external force?
The vector sum of all forces acting on a system from outside the system. It dictates how quickly the momentum of the system changes.
What is change in momentum?
The difference between the final momentum and the initial momentum of an object: $\Delta \vec{p}=\vec{p}-\vec{p}_{0}$
