Increases the torque.

Produces zero torque.

Increases the magnitude of the torque.

The object experiences angular acceleration.

The wrench rotates, applying torque to the bolt.

1. Point your fingers in the direction of $\vec{r}$. 2. Curl your fingers towards the direction of $\vec{F}$. 3. Your thumb points in the direction of the torque $\vec{\tau}$.

1. Break down the force into components. 2. Identify the perpendicular component to the lever arm. 3. Calculate torque using the perpendicular component and the lever arm length.

1. Identify the magnitudes of $\vec{r}$ and $\vec{F}$. 2. Determine the angle $\theta$ between $\vec{r}$ and $\vec{F}$. 3. Calculate $|overrightarrow{\tau}| = rF \sin \theta$.

The rotational equivalent of force; a measure of how much a force causes an object to rotate.

The perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation to the line of action of the force.

A longer lever arm results in more torque for the same applied force.

$\tau = rF\sin\theta$, where r is the distance from the axis of rotation, F is the force, and θ is the angle between the force and position vector.

Torque is maximized when the force is applied at a 90° angle to the lever arm.