All Flashcards
How do linear momentum and angular momentum compare?
Linear momentum: mass in motion in a straight line. Angular momentum: rotational inertia in motion around an axis.
What is the difference between torque and angular impulse?
Torque: A twisting force that causes rotation. Angular impulse: The change in angular momentum caused by a torque acting over a time interval.
Compare rigid and non-rigid systems in terms of angular momentum.
Rigid systems: Angular speed can only be changed by external torques. Non-rigid systems: Angular speed can be changed by altering mass distribution.
Compare the effects of internal and external torques on a system's angular momentum.
Internal Torques: Redistribute angular momentum within the system, but the total remains constant. External Torques: Change the total angular momentum of the system.
Compare linear impulse and angular impulse.
Linear Impulse: Change in linear momentum. Angular Impulse: Change in angular momentum.
What is the effect of applying an external torque to a rotating object?
It changes the object's angular momentum.
What happens when a figure skater pulls their arms in?
Their moment of inertia decreases, and their angular speed increases, conserving angular momentum.
What is the effect of no net external torque on a system?
The total angular momentum of the system is conserved.
What happens to angular speed if the moment of inertia decreases in a closed system?
The angular speed increases to conserve total angular momentum.
What is the effect of angular impulse on an object?
It changes the object's angular momentum.
How do you calculate angular impulse?
Angular impulse can be calculated using the integral or for a constant torque.
How do you find the total angular momentum of a system?
Add up the angular momenta of all its parts, considering each component's angular momentum relative to the axis of rotation.
What is the impulse-momentum theorem for rotational motion?
The change in angular momentum is equal to the angular impulse.
How to determine the new angular speed when the moment of inertia changes in a closed system?
Since is constant, if I decreases, then ω must increase proportionally to keep L constant.
How do you analyze collisions involving rotating objects using angular impulse?
Apply the principle of conservation of angular momentum, considering the angular impulse during the collision to relate initial and final angular momenta.