All Flashcards
What is the function of the Brainstem?
Controls vital functions like breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, and regulates sleep-wake cycles.
What is the function of the Reticular Activating System (RAS)?
Modulates arousal, attention, and consciousness; filters sensory info and directs attention.
What are the functions of the Right Hemisphere?
Processes spatial, nonverbal, and holistic information.
What are the functions of the Left Hemisphere?
Handles language, logic, and analytical tasks.
What is the function of the Occipital Lobe?
Processes visual information, including color, shape, depth, and motion.
What is the function of the Temporal Lobe?
Processes auditory information and language comprehension; involved in memory and emotion.
What is the function of the Parietal Lobe?
Processes sensory information related to touch, pressure, temperature, and pain; spatial processing.
What is the function of the Frontal Lobe?
Involved in higher-order cognitive processes, voluntary movements, and emotional regulation.
What is Split-Brain Research?
Surgical procedure that severs the corpus callosum to treat severe epilepsy, revealing hemispheric specialization.
How does the brain compensate after disconnection in split-brain patients?
The brain demonstrates the ability to compensate and adapt after disconnection.
What is the role of the Limbic System?
Involved in emotion, motivation, memory, and hormone regulation. Includes the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and amygdala.
What is the effect of damage to the Medulla Oblongata?
Can disrupt vital functions like breathing and heartbeat, potentially leading to death.
What is the effect of damage to the Reticular Activating System (RAS)?
Can lead to coma or disorders of consciousness.
What is the effect of damage to the Cerebellum?
Causes difficulty coordinating movements, maintaining balance, and motor learning.
What is the effect of damage to the Occipital Lobe?
Can cause visual deficits, such as blindness or difficulty interpreting visual information.
What is the effect of damage to the Temporal Lobe?
Can lead to hearing loss, language impairments, or changes in personality.
What is the effect of damage to the Parietal Lobe?
Can cause deficits in touch perception, spatial reasoning, or attention.
What is the effect of damage to the Frontal Lobe?
Can lead to changes in personality, impaired judgment, or difficulty with executive functions.
What is the effect of severing the Corpus Callosum?
Prevents communication between the two hemispheres, leading to specialized functioning in each.
What is the effect of a stroke affecting the left hemisphere?
Can impair language abilities, motor skills on the right side of the body, and emotional processing.
What causes Broca's aphasia and what are its effects?
Caused by damage to Broca's area; results in difficulty producing fluent speech.
How is brain plasticity seen in stroke recovery?
The brain can recruit other areas to perform lost functions, aiding in recovery.
How is EEG used in studying sleep?
EEG measures electrical activity, allowing for the study of sleep cycles and identification of sleep disorders.
How is fMRI used in cognitive research?
fMRI provides detailed images of brain activity, helping researchers understand cognitive processes.
How are case studies helpful in understanding brain function?
In-depth investigations of patients with brain lesions provide insights into the functions of specific brain regions.
How is TMS used in research?
TMS temporarily disrupts neural activity to study brain-behavior relationships.
How can Optogenetics be used in research?
Optogenetics allows researchers to control the activity of specific neurons using light-sensitive proteins.
How does damage to Broca's area affect language?
Damage leads to Broca's aphasia, causing difficulty producing fluent speech.
How does damage to Wernicke's area affect language?
Damage causes Wernicke's aphasia, leading to difficulty understanding language.
How does brain plasticity help in learning new skills?
The brain forms new neural connections and strengthens existing ones, enabling skill acquisition.
How does the cerebellum contribute to riding a bike?
The cerebellum is involved in motor learning and procedural memories, like riding a bike.