All Flashcards
What are the effects of inconsistent caregiving on attachment?
Can lead to insecure attachment styles like avoidant, anxious, or disorganized.
How do ACEs affect adult relationships?
Can lead to difficulties forming secure attachments, trust issues, and unhealthy relationship patterns.
How does authoritarian parenting affect a child's self-esteem?
Can lead to decreased self-esteem and increased anxiety.
What is the impact of societal values (macrosystem) on gender roles?
Societal values shape expectations for males and females, influencing their opportunities and behaviors.
How does a strong sense of identity (identity achievement) affect decision-making?
Leads to more confident and consistent decision-making aligned with personal values.
What is the effect of identity diffusion on life choices?
Can lead to inconsistent choices and a lack of direction in life.
How does economic hardship (macrosystem) affect parenting?
Can increase stress and lead to less responsive and more authoritarian parenting styles.
What is the impact of secure attachment in infancy on later relationships?
Associated with healthier and more stable relationships throughout life.
How does neglect (ACE) affect brain development?
Can impair brain development, leading to cognitive and emotional difficulties.
What is the effect of generativity on well-being in middle adulthood?
Contributing to future generations is associated with increased life satisfaction.
How can a lack of resolution in Erikson's stages affect later development?
Unresolved conflicts can create difficulties in subsequent stages and impact overall well-being.
What is social-emotional development?
Lifelong process of forming attachments, developing identities, and navigating relationships.
Define 'microsystem' in Ecological Systems Theory.
The immediate environment including family, friends, and teachers.
Define 'macrosystem' in Ecological Systems Theory.
The broader cultural context including societal values and economic conditions.
What is 'authoritarian' parenting?
Strict rules, low warmth, high expectations.
What is 'authoritative' parenting?
Clear rules, high warmth, encourages independence.
Define 'permissive' parenting.
Few rules, high warmth, low expectations.
What is 'secure attachment'?
Attachment style resulting from consistent, responsive care, leading to trust.
Define 'avoidant attachment'.
Insecure attachment where the child is indifferent to the caregiver's presence or absence.
What is 'anxious attachment'?
Insecure attachment where the child is distressed when separated and hard to soothe.
What is 'disorganized attachment'?
Insecure attachment where the child shows contradictory behaviors, often due to abuse.
Define 'adolescent egocentrism'.
The belief that everyone is watching and judging them.
What is 'emerging adulthood'?
Period of exploration between adolescence and adulthood.
Define 'identity achievement'.
Actively exploring and committing to a sense of self.
What is 'identity diffusion'?
Lack of exploration and commitment to a sense of self.
Define 'identity foreclosure'.
Premature commitment to an identity without exploration.
What is 'identity moratorium'?
Active exploration of identity without commitment.
How does authoritative parenting style affect children?
Associated with positive outcomes like higher self-esteem and academic achievement.
How can understanding attachment styles help in adulthood?
Helps understand relationship patterns and improve romantic relationships and parenting.
How does the macrosystem influence a child's development?
Societal values can affect opportunities and expectations for children.
How might a recession (chronosystem) affect a child's development?
Increased stress in the family, fewer resources, and potentially poorer health outcomes.
How does pretend play benefit children?
Explores social roles and develops perspective-taking skills.
How can understanding adolescent egocentrism help parents?
Helps them be more empathetic to their teen's self-consciousness and risky behaviors.
How does cultural context influence parenting styles?
Some cultures may find authoritarian parenting more acceptable than others.
How can knowledge of ACEs be used in social work?
To identify individuals at risk and provide support to mitigate the negative effects.
How can the concept of 'possible selves' affect academic performance?
Positive possible selves (e.g., imagining oneself as a successful student) can motivate better study habits.
How do adult attachment styles affect romantic relationships?
Secure adults form healthy partnerships, while insecure adults may struggle with trust and intimacy.