Cognition
Which psychological theory of memory suggests that the more deeply an item is processed, the more likely it will be remembered?
Script theory
Sensory memory theory
Working memory model
Levels-of-processing theory
What is the primary role of sensory memory in the memory process?
To permanently store key life events.
To briefly store incoming sensory information.
To store short-term memories for later recall.
To assist in problem-solving tasks.
When students group items together on a list to remember them more easily, such as organizing historical dates into periods, they are using which memory technique?
Hierarchies
Rehearsal
Mnemonics
Chunking
When studying interference theory, what would demonstrate retroactive interference?
Remembering childhood memories becomes easier when visiting one's hometown after many years.
Learning Spanish makes it harder for someone to remember previously learned French vocabulary.
Practicing piano disrupts one's ability to play a guitar piece learned earlier that day.
Recalling an old password becomes difficult after using the same device with no password for months.
Which factor could explain cross-cultural differences in susceptibility to false memories?
There are no cross-cultural differences in susceptibility to false memories as they're purely dependent on brain chemistry alone.
False memories arise randomly and cannot be predicted or influenced by cultural elements or practices.
Variations in emphasis on collective experience versus individual detail within storytelling traditions may alter susceptibility to false memories across cultures.
The prevalence of technology use is the primary determinant of false memory creation across different cultures globally.
To explore how different age groups generally perform on tasks requiring episodic memory without manipulating any factors, which technique should researchers use?
Utilizing a cross-sectional study design
Implementing longitudinal studies
Proposing meta-analytic procedures
Administering structured interviews
When considering memory retrieval techniques, what ethical issue might arise with the use of hypnosis?
It may generate false memories.
It leads to permanent alterations in brain structure.
It causes physical harm to the participant.
It is always against a person's will.

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When trying to understand an individual's unique history and experiences with traumatic memories, which research method is most appropriate?
Employing experimental manipulation
Conducting a naturalistic observation
Performing a case study
Using a correlational design
Which type of amnesia would most likely be caused by damage to explicit memory structures in the brain?
Retrograde amnesia
Dissociative amnesia
Infantile/childhood amnesia
Anterograde amnesia
Which psychological principle best explains why students often perform better on exams if they study in the same room where the test will be held?
Context-dependent memory
Flashbulb memory
Proactive interference
Serial position effect