Cognition

Gradually and consistently over a long period.

Immediately after learning.

After a week.

After a month.

Memory retention increases linearly with time.

Memory retention decreases linearly with time.

Memory retention decreases rapidly at first, then the rate of forgetting slows down.

Memory retention remains constant over time.

Proactive interference

Retroactive interference

The forgetting curve

Encoding failure

The inability to retrieve information from long-term memory.

The failure to store information in long-term memory in the first place.

The process of forgetting unpleasant memories.

The distortion of memories due to misleading information.

Remembering the plot of a movie but forgetting the actors' names.

Being unable to recall what you ate for breakfast yesterday.

Not remembering the details of a conversation because you were not paying attention.

Forgetting your old address after moving to a new one.

Varying the time of day when participants learn the information.

Ensuring all participants have the same level of prior knowledge about the material.

Presenting the information in different sensory modalities (e.g., visual vs. auditory).

Controlling the amount of attention participants pay to the information during encoding.

Proactive interference involves forgetting the past, while retroactive interference involves forgetting the future.

Proactive interference is when new information blocks old information, while retroactive interference is when old information blocks new information.

Proactive interference is when old information blocks new information, while retroactive interference is when new information blocks old information.

Proactive interference affects sensory memory, while retroactive interference affects long-term memory.

Retroactive interference

Proactive interference

Encoding failure

Source amnesia

Studying French and Spanish at the same time to integrate the information.

Reviewing French vocabulary immediately before studying Spanish to reinforce the old information.

Spacing out the study sessions for French and Spanish, with significant time gaps in between.

Focusing on the similarities between French and Spanish to create stronger memory links.

The tendency to forget the source of information.

The incorporation of misleading information into one's memory of an event.

The inability to recall information due to a lack of attention.

The blocking of old memories by new memories.