Social Psychology and Personality
Which of the following BEST describes social norms?
Explicit laws enforced by the government.
Unwritten rules that dictate how we should behave in different situations.
Personal beliefs about right and wrong.
Formal agreements between individuals.
In Milgram's obedience experiments, what was a key factor that increased obedience among participants?
The physical distance between the teacher and the learner.
The perceived legitimacy of the authority figure.
The participants' strong moral convictions.
The opportunity for participants to discuss their concerns with others.
Which of the following is a characteristic of an individualistic culture?
Emphasis on group harmony
Prioritization of collective goals
Encouragement of uniqueness and self-reliance
Strong adherence to social norms
What is the BEST definition of 'groupthink'?
The tendency for groups to make riskier decisions than individuals.
The desire for harmony in a group overrides critical thinking.
The improvement in individual performance when working in a group.
The reduction in individual effort when working in a group.
The phenomenon where people overestimate the extent to which others share their beliefs and behaviors is known as:
Groupthink.
Social loafing.
False consensus effect.
Bystander effect.
What are 'superordinate goals'?
Goals that are easily achieved by individuals working alone.
Shared objectives that require cooperation.
Goals that prioritize short-term self-interest.
Objectives set by authority figures to maintain control.
In a situation where you are unsure how to act, and you look to others for guidance, you are experiencing:
Normative influence.
Informational influence.
Central route to persuasion.
Peripheral route to persuasion.

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A political campaign that uses celebrity endorsements to sway voters is utilizing which route to persuasion?
Central route.
Peripheral route.
Normative influence.
Informational influence.
Which of the following scenarios BEST illustrates the foot-in-the-door technique?
A salesperson initially asks you to sign a petition and then later asks you to donate money.
A negotiator starts with an extreme demand and then makes a more reasonable offer.
A company uses attractive models in its advertisements to sell products.
A politician gives a well-reasoned argument to convince voters.
According to research on conformity, which factor tends to DECREASE the likelihood of an individual conforming to a group?
Large group size
Unanimity of the group
High task difficulty
High personal importance of the issue