Explaining and Classifying Psychological Disorders
Elijah Flores
7 min read
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Study Guide Overview
This study guide covers psychological disorders, focusing on defining them (dysfunction, distress, deviance), diagnosing them (DSM, ICD), and understanding them through different psychological perspectives (behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, cognitive, evolutionary, sociocultural, biological). It also explores interaction models like the biopsychosocial and diathesis-stress models. Practice questions and exam tips are included.
#AP Psychology Study Guide: Psychological Disorders ðŸ§
Welcome to your ultimate study guide for psychological disorders! Let's break down these complex topics into manageable, memorable pieces. Remember, you've got this! 💪
#Defining Psychological Disorders
#Factors for Disorder Identification
- Dysfunction: How much does the condition interfere with daily life? Can the person maintain relationships and carry out daily tasks? 🩺
- Distress: How much emotional pain and suffering is the person experiencing?
- Deviance: Do the person's thoughts and behaviors significantly deviate from social norms? Remember, what's considered 'normal' varies across cultures.
#Consequences of Disorder Diagnosis
- Benefits: Access to treatment, support, and resources. Improves quality of life.
- Negative Consequences: Stigma, discrimination, and social exclusion. This is especially true in cultures with negative views on mental health.
- Cultural and Societal Influences: Biases (racism, sexism, ageism) can lead to misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis in certain populations.
#Diagnostic Tools and Classifications
- Training: Mental health professionals undergo extensive training to diagnose disorders accurately.
- DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders): Used in the US, categorizes disorders based on specific symptoms and criteria.
- ICD (International Classification of Mental Disorders): Used internationally, serves a similar purpose as DSM.
- Regular Updates: These tools are revised to incorporate new research and advancements.
Practice Question
Multiple Choice:
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Which of the following is NOT a primary factor in determining whether a behavior is considered a psychological disorder? a) Dysfunction b) Distress c) Deviance d) Intelligence
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The DSM is primarily used for: a) Determining treatment plans b) Classifying psychological disorders c) Research on the causes of disorders d) Understanding cultural influences on disorders
Free Response Question:
Explain how cultural and societal norms can influence the diagnosis and perception of psychological disorders. Provide specific examples to illustrate your points.
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