All Flashcards
What are the key processes in Observational Learning?
Attention, Retention, Reproduction, Motivation (ARRM).
How can classical conditioning explain a phobia?
A neutral stimulus (e.g., a dog) is paired with a frightening experience (e.g., being bitten), leading to fear of the stimulus.
How can operant conditioning be used to train a pet?
Using positive reinforcement (e.g., treats) to reward desired behaviors and negative punishment (e.g., taking away a toy) to discourage undesired behaviors.
How is observational learning used in advertising?
Advertisements often use attractive or respected models to promote products, hoping viewers will imitate their behavior and purchase the product.
Compare Classical and Operant Conditioning.
Classical conditioning involves involuntary responses and associations, while operant conditioning involves voluntary behaviors and consequences.
Compare Positive and Negative Reinforcement.
Both increase the likelihood of a behavior; positive reinforcement adds something desirable, while negative reinforcement removes something undesirable.
Compare Positive and Negative Punishment.
Both decrease the likelihood of a behavior; positive punishment adds something undesirable, while negative punishment removes something desirable.