What is Developmental Psychology?
The study of how humans change over their lifespan, including physical, mental, and social changes.
What is a Zygote?
A fertilized egg.
What is an Embryo?
A developing baby from 2 weeks to 8 weeks.
What is a Fetus?
A developing baby from 9 weeks to birth.
What are Teratogens?
Harmful substances (like alcohol, drugs) that can affect prenatal development.
What is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?
A condition caused by prenatal alcohol exposure, leading to physical and cognitive issues.
What is Maturation?
Biological growth processes that enable orderly changes in behavior.
What is Pruning?
The process of eliminating unused neural connections.
What is Infantile Amnesia?
The inability of adults to remember episodic memories from early childhood.
What is a Critical Period?
A specific time when certain skills or attachments must develop.
What are Schemas?
Mental frameworks for understanding the world.
What is Assimilation?
Fitting new info into existing schemas.
What is Accommodation?
Changing schemas to fit new info.
What is Object Permanence?
Knowing that objects exist even when they're out of sight.
What is Conservation?
Understanding that quantity remains the same despite changes in shape.
What is Egocentrism?
Difficulty seeing things from another person's perspective.
What is Theory of Mind?
The ability to understand others' mental states, beliefs, and intentions.
What is Adolescence?
The transition from childhood to adulthood.
What are Primary Sex Characteristics?
Reproductive organs.
What are Secondary Sex Characteristics?
Non-reproductive traits (like body hair and voice changes).
What are the causes and effects of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)?
Cause: Prenatal alcohol exposure. Effects: Physical and cognitive issues.
What are the causes and effects of Authoritarian parenting?
Cause: Strict, demanding parenting style. Effects: Lower self-esteem and academic achievement in adolescents.
What are the causes and effects of Secure attachment?
Cause: Consistent and responsive caregiving. Effects: Higher self-esteem, better social skills, and healthier relationships.
Compare Authoritative and Authoritarian parenting styles.
Authoritative: Warm, responsive, clear expectations. Authoritarian: Strict rules, high expectations, little warmth.
Compare Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional studies.
Longitudinal: Follows same people over time. Cross-Sectional: Compares different age groups at one time.
Compare Assimilation and Accommodation in Piaget's theory.
Assimilation: Fitting new info into existing schemas. Accommodation: Changing schemas to fit new info.
