All Flashcards
What is the effect of feeling insecure on conformity?
Increased likelihood of conforming to group norms.
What is the effect of group unanimity on conformity?
Conformity is highest when everyone in the group agrees.
What is the effect of admiring a group on conformity?
Increased conformity to the group's standards and behaviors.
What is the effect of prior commitment on conformity?
Reduced conformity if one has already stated their opinion.
What is the effect of deindividuation on behavior?
Can lead to increased impulsivity and decreased self-awareness.
What is a potential effect of group polarization?
Can lead to more extreme decisions and attitudes within the group.
What is the effect of proximity to the authority figure on obedience?
Obedience increases when the authority figure is nearby.
What is the effect of victim distance on obedience?
Obedience increases when the victim is depersonalized or at a distance.
What is the effect of dissenting role models on obedience?
Obedience decreases when others defy authority.
What is the effect of high stress situations on decision making?
Can lead to poor decisions and increased risk of groupthink.
Compare informational and normative social influence.
Informational: conform because believe group is right. Normative: conform to be liked.
Compare conformity and obedience.
Conformity: fitting in with a group. Obedience: following an authority figure's orders.
Compare compliance and obedience.
Compliance: following a request. Obedience: following an order from authority.
Compare the foot-in-the-door and door-in-the-face techniques.
Foot-in-the-door: small request first, then large. Door-in-the-face: large refusal, then small.
Compare the Asch and Milgram experiments.
Asch: conformity to group opinion. Milgram: obedience to authority.
Compare collectivist and individualistic cultures regarding conformity.
Collectivist: higher conformity for group harmony. Individualistic: lower conformity for independence.
Compare the ethical concerns of the Stanford Prison Experiment and the Milgram Experiment.
Both raised concerns about psychological harm, but Stanford also involved role-induced abuse.
Compare the impact of group size on conformity vs. obedience.
Conformity increases with group size (up to a point). Obedience is less directly affected by group size.
Compare the motivations behind normative and informational influence.
Normative: desire for acceptance. Informational: desire for accuracy.
Compare the long-term effects of conformity and obedience.
Conformity can lead to lasting changes in beliefs. Obedience is often situational and temporary.
Give a real-world example of informational social influence.
Following the investment advice of a financial expert.
Give a real-world example of normative social influence.
Wearing certain clothes to fit in with a group of friends.
How does automatic mimicry relate to social interactions?
It helps build rapport and empathy between people.
How can understanding groupthink prevent disasters?
Encouraging diverse viewpoints can prevent flawed decisions.
How can the foot-in-the-door phenomenon be used in marketing?
Getting customers to agree to a small request (e.g., free sample) before asking for a purchase.
How can the door-in-the-face phenomenon be used in negotiations?
Starting with a large request that is likely to be rejected, then making a smaller, more reasonable request.
How did roles influence behavior in the Stanford Prison Experiment?
Guards became abusive, and prisoners became submissive due to their assigned roles.
How can understanding obedience help prevent atrocities?
Recognizing the power of authority can promote critical thinking and resistance to harmful orders.
How is conformity seen in advertising?
Ads often portray people using a product to fit in or be accepted.
How can understanding these concepts improve leadership?
Leaders can foster independent thinking and ethical decision-making.