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Compare informational and normative social influence.
Informational: conform because believe group is right. Normative: conform to be liked.
Compare conformity and obedience.
Conformity: fitting in with a group. Obedience: following an authority figure's orders.
Compare compliance and obedience.
Compliance: following a request. Obedience: following an order from authority.
Compare the foot-in-the-door and door-in-the-face techniques.
Foot-in-the-door: small request first, then large. Door-in-the-face: large refusal, then small.
Compare the Asch and Milgram experiments.
Asch: conformity to group opinion. Milgram: obedience to authority.
Compare collectivist and individualistic cultures regarding conformity.
Collectivist: higher conformity for group harmony. Individualistic: lower conformity for independence.
Compare the ethical concerns of the Stanford Prison Experiment and the Milgram Experiment.
Both raised concerns about psychological harm, but Stanford also involved role-induced abuse.
Compare the impact of group size on conformity vs. obedience.
Conformity increases with group size (up to a point). Obedience is less directly affected by group size.
Compare the motivations behind normative and informational influence.
Normative: desire for acceptance. Informational: desire for accuracy.
Compare the long-term effects of conformity and obedience.
Conformity can lead to lasting changes in beliefs. Obedience is often situational and temporary.
Explain the concept of informational social influence.
Conforming because we believe the group has accurate information; we accept their reality.
Explain the concept of normative social influence.
Conforming to fit in and be liked, avoiding social disapproval.
What is the chameleon effect?
Unconscious mimicry of others' behaviors, aiding empathy.
Explain the concept of groupthink and its dangers.
Suppression of dissenting opinions for group harmony, leading to poor decisions.
Explain the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
People are more likely to agree to a large request if they've first agreed to a small one.
Explain the door-in-the-face phenomenon.
People are more likely to agree to a smaller request after refusing a larger one.
What is the impact of social roles on behavior?
Roles drastically influence behavior as people adapt to expected norms.
Explain the concept of obedience to authority.
Following orders from an authority figure, even if it conflicts with personal beliefs.
What are the ethical implications of obedience studies?
Studies like Milgram's raise concerns about psychological distress and deception.
How does culture influence conformity?
Collectivist cultures tend to show higher rates of conformity than individualistic cultures.
What is the effect of feeling insecure on conformity?
Increased likelihood of conforming to group norms.
What is the effect of group unanimity on conformity?
Conformity is highest when everyone in the group agrees.
What is the effect of admiring a group on conformity?
Increased conformity to the group's standards and behaviors.
What is the effect of prior commitment on conformity?
Reduced conformity if one has already stated their opinion.
What is the effect of deindividuation on behavior?
Can lead to increased impulsivity and decreased self-awareness.
What is a potential effect of group polarization?
Can lead to more extreme decisions and attitudes within the group.
What is the effect of proximity to the authority figure on obedience?
Obedience increases when the authority figure is nearby.
What is the effect of victim distance on obedience?
Obedience increases when the victim is depersonalized or at a distance.
What is the effect of dissenting role models on obedience?
Obedience decreases when others defy authority.
What is the effect of high stress situations on decision making?
Can lead to poor decisions and increased risk of groupthink.