Social Psychology

Marketers suggest limited availability of a product to prompt urgency for compliance with purchase requests.

Scarcity invokes social proof which encourages individuals to comply based on others' behaviors.

It fosters authoritative appeal making consumers more likely to comply due to perceived expert endorsement.

Scarcity diminishes consumer compliance because it leads to skepticism about product quality or value.

Subjects adopted roles of prison guards and prisoners, showing how behavior changes based on assigned roles.

Subjects ended up answering questions incorrectly under peer pressure even though they knew what the correct answer was.

Subjects were asked to perform tasks they were uncomfortable with under orders from authority figures.

Subjects showed increased tendency to comply with larger requests after agreeing to smaller ones initially.

Uniforms may increase perceived legitimacy of authority figure leading to stronger adherence to instructions given.

Dress code irrelevance to observed behavior since the primary driver of action is cognitive processes, not external appearance of individuals involved.

Casual dress conveys approachability and familiarity, possibly enhancing willingness to respond positively to commands issued by the lead researcher.

Distraction provided by unusual clothing could disrupt focus on the task and reduce obedience shown towards the experimenter's requests.

Deception has no ethical concerns.

Deception increases participant bias.

It can potentially harm participants emotionally or psychologically.

It reduces the validity of the study.

When they are unsure how to behave

When they are alone and unobserved

When they are confident in their abilities

When they are experts in the task

The norm of reciprocity

Social loafing

Group polarization

The bystander effect

if a participant was made aware of the true nature of the study

level of aggression measured before the experiment

Random assignment to the guard or prisoner role

the level of conformity

Greater immediacy to the influencing group.

The presence of an ally who also dissents.

A smaller number of people present.

Low importance of the task at hand.

Observe individual trends in different cultures, not focusing on group behavior.

Analyze existing literature on cultural differences without conducting experiments.

Conduct an experiment only within one culture with no comparisons.

Conduct a cross-cultural study comparing group behavior and conformity among different cultures.

Giving participants knowledge that they will have an opportunity later on during debriefing sessions where mistaken choices can be corrected thereby lessening immediate consequences associated with nonconformity actions during trials themselves.

Increasing the number of confederates unanimously choosing an incorrect line up until there are seven confederates present before diminishing returns occur according to research findings on group size effects on conformity pressure.

Offering monetary compensation for selecting what appears visually as the correct line thus introducing extrinsic motivation instead of reliance on social comparison processes alone.

Allowing participants time to document their reasoning prior to verbalizing choice potentially strengthening individual commitment and reducing susceptibility towards uniformity pressures from confederates’ incorrect responses.