Developmental Psychology
Which theory best explains an adolescent's ability to consider hypothetical situations and moral dilemmas, which likely develops due to increased myelination and synaptic pruning in the prefrontal cortex?
Kohlberg's post-conventional level of moral reasoning.
Erikson's identity versus role confusion stage.
Piaget's formal operational stage.
Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development.
What aspect of social identity formation among adolescents could differ most significantly according to cross-cultural studies?
Socioeconomic status plays a lesser role than culture in forming adolescent social identities globally.
The importance placed on conforming to traditional gender roles can vary greatly between different cultures.
Adolescents from all cultures develop social identities independent of societal expectations or norms.
Peer influence is insignificant in shaping social identity across different cultural settings during adolescence.
When analyzing an adolescent’s ability to solve hypothetical problems more proficiently than concrete problems, which concept from cognitive developmental psychology is primarily at work?
Postconventional moral reasoning enabling ethical decision-making principles application.
Preoperational egocentrism inhibiting perspective-taking abilities.
Concrete operational thought processes involving hands-on problem-solving strategies.
Formal operational thought processes including abstract reasoning.
Which theory explains a teenager's increased worry about what peers think of them?
Elkind’s Imaginary Audience Concept
Freud's Latency Stage
Pavlovian Classical Conditioning
Maslow's Self-Actualization
What alternate perspective provides a significant challenge to Kohlberg's stages of moral development in adolescents?
Schwarz's Value System Approach
Turiel's Domain Theory
Gilligan's Ethics of Care Approach
Haidt's Moral Emotions Hypothesis
Which ethical principle may potentially conflict when a psychologist uses deception while conducting research on adolescent development?
Nonmaleficence because deception will harm the adolescents.
Confidentiality because adolescents can't keep secrets well enough for valid results.
Competence because psychologists aren’t best suited to study adolescence issues.
Informed consent principle might be compromised by deception.
Which term describes the common adolescent belief that everyone is watching them and their actions?
The imaginary audience phenomenon
Cognitive dissonance
Gestalt illusion
Personal Fable

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According to Carol Gilligan’s Theory, what is a primary concern for adolescent girls in developing their sense of self?
Establishing independence from parental figures
Balancing care for others with self-care
Achieving academic success
Seeking approval from male peers
Adolescents suffering from major depressive disorder are most likely to experience a decrease in which neurotransmitter?
Serotonin
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Glutamate
How might an adolescent's self-concept change during high school due to formal operational thought?
They may begin to think about abstract concepts like justice or freedom.
They regress to more childlike ways of magical thinking.
They focus more on concrete experiences than hypothetical scenarios.
Their thinking becomes less systematic and more disorganized.