#AP Psychology Study Guide: Introduction to Memory 🧠

#Unit 6: Memory 🧠

Unit 6: Memory typically accounts for 13-17% of the exam.

#Introduction to Memory

#What is Memory?

#Key Processes of Memory:

• Encoding: The process of getting information into our brain. Think of it like typing information into a computer.
• Storage: The process of retaining that information over time. Imagine this as saving the information on your computer's hard drive.
• Retrieval: The process of getting that information back out when we need it. This is like opening a file on your computer.

#Models of Memory:

• Atkinson-Shiffrin Model (Three-Stage Model):

  • Sensory Memory: The immediate, very brief recording of sensory information. Imagine the fleeting image of a sparkler, or the echo of a sound after it's been made. This is your sensory memory at work!

    • Iconic Memory: Visual sensory memory (lasts less than a second).
    • Echoic Memory: Auditory sensory memory (lasts a few seconds).

  • Short-Term Memory: Holds a limited amount of information for a short period (around 20 seconds). Think about trying to remember a phone number you just heard.

    • Can be extended through rehearsal (repeating information).

  • Long-Term Memory: Relatively permanent and limitless storehouse. This is where your childhood memories, the capitals of countries, and your favorite song lyrics are stored!