Social Development in Childhood
Ella Gray
9 min read
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Study Guide Overview
This study guide covers social development, focusing on attachment, parenting styles, and social learning. Key topics include Harlow's and Lorenz's attachment research, Ainsworth's Strange Situation, Baumrind's parenting styles, Erikson's psychosocial stages, Freud's psychosexual stages, and Bandura's social learning theory. It also includes practice questions and exam tips.
#AP Psychology: Social Development - Your Ultimate Study Guide 🚀
Hey there, future AP Psych master! Let's dive into the world of social development. This guide is designed to be your best friend the night before the exam, making sure everything clicks and you feel super confident. Let's get started!
#👶 Early Attachments and the Need for Connection
#The Foundation of Social Bonds
- Even before birth, babies are tuning in! They show a preference for their mother's voice and native language. This early attachment is crucial for survival. 💖
- Attachment isn't just about food; it's about connection and security.
Think of attachment as the superglue of relationships. It starts early and shapes how we connect with others later in life.
#Harry Harlow's Monkey Business 🐒
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Harry Harlow's experiments with rhesus monkeys revolutionized our understanding of attachment.
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He challenged the idea that attachment is solely based on the need for nourishment.
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Contact comfort is KEY! Baby monkeys preferred a soft, cloth “mother” over a wire one that provided food.
Caption: Harlow's experiment showed that infant monkeys preferred the cloth mother for comfort, not just food.
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Secure base: The cloth mother acted as a secure base for the monkeys, allowing them to explore and return for comfort.
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Harlow's unethical experiments showed that social isolation can lead to severe developmental issues, like catatonia and inability to form relationships. 💔
Early secure social bonds are crucial for healthy development. Lack of affection can lead to difficulties in forming relationships later in life.
Remember Harlow's monkeys! They're a classic example of the importance of contact comfort and secure attachment.
#Konrad Lorenz and the Power of Familiarity 🦆
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Konrad Lorenz studied imprinting, a rigid attachment process in animals that occurs early in life.
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He found that goslings imprinted on him, following him as if he were their mother.
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Critical period: There's a specific time frame for imprinting to occur.
Caption: Lorenz's goslings imprinted on him, demonstrating the power of early exposure.
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Mere exposure: While humans don't imprint, familiarity breeds fondness. We tend to like what we're used to.
Imprinting is like a fast track to attachment, but it's not the same as human attachment, which is more flexible.
#🎭 Attachment St...
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