How do appeals affect argument evaluation?
They can introduce bias, making it harder to evaluate claims, evidence, and reasoning objectively.
Why is it important to consider the source of an objection?
To identify potential biases or hidden motives that may influence the objection.
What should you consider when evaluating implications?
Whether the implication logically follows the conclusion and isn't too far-fetched.
Why is it important to identify limitations in research?
To acknowledge potential weaknesses and provide a balanced assessment of the findings.
What does 'playing devil's advocate' mean in argument evaluation?
Considering opposing viewpoints to identify potential weaknesses or biases in an argument.
Explain the importance of 'field support'.
Understanding if the research aligns with the general consensus of experts in the field.
What are the key considerations when evaluating evidence types?
Assessing the quality, relevance, and credibility of the evidence used to support an argument.
How do you determine if an argument is useful for your research?
Consider where it fits (lit review, implications, counterargument) and how it integrates with other arguments.
What makes an argument extreme and potentially unreliable?
Arguments that lack nuance and use overly strong language.
Why is identifying potential oversimplifications important?
Oversimplifications can lead to inaccurate conclusions and a misunderstanding of complex issues.
Define 'validity' in research.
Logical alignment between reasoning and conclusion.
What is an 'appeal to emotion'?
Argument that sways feelings instead of using facts.
Define 'appeal to logic'.
Argument claiming to be the only rational choice.
What is an 'objection' in argumentation?
A reason or argument presented in opposition.
What is an 'implication' in research?
A conclusion that can be drawn from something, though not explicitly stated.
Define 'limitation' in research.
A factor that restricts the scope of the study or affects its validity.
What is meant by 'logical flow' in an argument?
Whether the evidence supports the conclusion.
What is 'field support' in evaluating arguments?
Whether the field generally leans towards one perspective.
Define 'appeal to core values'.
An argument that appeals to things like freedom, democracy, justice, and morality.
What is an 'appeal to personal biases'?
An argument that plays on your existing beliefs and preferences.
What is the key to evaluating objections?
Consider the source and potential hidden motives.
What should you consider when evaluating implications?
Whether the implication logically follows and isn't far-fetched.
What is the 'reasonableness' check?
Assessing if the argument is nuanced rather than extreme.
What does it mean if a study has no limitations?
Be suspicious; all studies have limitations.
What question should you ask regarding the usefulness of an argument?
Where does this argument fit in my research?
What should you consider when evaluating limitations?
Whether the limitation makes sense given the research method and resources.
What is the danger of 'appeals' in arguments?
They can make it harder to evaluate the actual claims, evidence, and reasoning.
What does it mean to 'play devil's advocate'?
Try to see the argument from an opposing viewpoint.
Why is it important to identify appeals in an argument?
To be aware of how these appeals might be influencing you.
What are the key questions to ask when evaluating an argument?
Is the argument valid? Is the argument useful?
