All Flashcards
Define 'validity' in research.
Logical alignment between reasoning and conclusion.
What is an 'appeal to emotion'?
Argument that sways feelings instead of using facts.
Define 'appeal to logic'.
Argument claiming to be the only rational choice.
What is an 'objection' in argumentation?
A reason or argument presented in opposition.
What is an 'implication' in research?
A conclusion that can be drawn from something, though not explicitly stated.
Define 'limitation' in research.
A factor that restricts the scope of the study or affects its validity.
What is meant by 'logical flow' in an argument?
Whether the evidence supports the conclusion.
What is 'field support' in evaluating arguments?
Whether the field generally leans towards one perspective.
Define 'appeal to core values'.
An argument that appeals to things like freedom, democracy, justice, and morality.
What is an 'appeal to personal biases'?
An argument that plays on your existing beliefs and preferences.
How do appeals affect argument evaluation?
They can introduce bias, making it harder to evaluate claims, evidence, and reasoning objectively.
Why is it important to consider the source of an objection?
To identify potential biases or hidden motives that may influence the objection.
What should you consider when evaluating implications?
Whether the implication logically follows the conclusion and isn't too far-fetched.
Why is it important to identify limitations in research?
To acknowledge potential weaknesses and provide a balanced assessment of the findings.
What does 'playing devil's advocate' mean in argument evaluation?
Considering opposing viewpoints to identify potential weaknesses or biases in an argument.
Explain the importance of 'field support'.
Understanding if the research aligns with the general consensus of experts in the field.
What are the key considerations when evaluating evidence types?
Assessing the quality, relevance, and credibility of the evidence used to support an argument.
How do you determine if an argument is useful for your research?
Consider where it fits (lit review, implications, counterargument) and how it integrates with other arguments.
What makes an argument extreme and potentially unreliable?
Arguments that lack nuance and use overly strong language.
Why is identifying potential oversimplifications important?
Oversimplifications can lead to inaccurate conclusions and a misunderstanding of complex issues.
Define 'validity' in argumentation.
Logical alignment between reasoning and conclusion.
What is an 'appeal' in an argument?
A persuasive strategy targeting values, emotions, biases, or logic.
Define 'objection' in research.
A point of disagreement or challenge to an argument.
What is a research 'implication'?
A potential consequence or effect stemming from the research conclusion.
Define 'limitation' in research.
A weakness or constraint in the research design or execution.
What is 'logical flow' in an argument?
The clear and coherent connection between evidence and conclusion.
Define 'appeal to emotion'.
Persuading by evoking feelings, rather than using facts or logic.
What is an 'assumption' in argumentation?
An unstated belief or preconception that underlies an argument.
What does it mean for an argument to 'overreach'?
To make an implication or claim that is too broad or unsupported by the evidence.
What is meant by 'reasonableness' in evaluating arguments?
Assessing whether the claims, limitations, and implications are sensible and well-supported.