Sampling Distributions
If the standard deviations of two different distributions are both increased by a factor of 2, which statistical measure for the combined distribution would be most impacted?
Variance
Median
Mean
Range
What is the first step in the process of a statistical investigation?
Draw a scatterplot.
Identify a question or problem.
Calculate the mean and median.
Perform a hypothesis test.
A statistician claims a significant increase in the number of left-handed people over the past decade. Which type of error could occur if this claim is incorrect but they still reject the null hypothesis?
Sampling bias due to a non-random sample selection
Type I error (reject a null hypothesis that is true)
Type II error (fail to reject a false null hypothesis)
Non-sampling error caused by faulty data collection methods
Which of these choices is an example of qualitative data?
Number of pets owned by students
Heights of basketball players
Colors of cars in a parking lot
Temperatures on different days
The mean age of people in the United States is 38.1 years. Is this value a parameter or a statistic?
Statistic
Neither, it is a distribution
Neither, it is a sample
Parameter
When researchers aim to gather information from every single individual in a certain population, which method are they using?
Observational study
Census
Sample survey
Experiment
What do we call the numerical summary that indicates how spread out the values in a distribution are?
Correlation coefficient.
Measure of spread (or variability).
Measure of center.
Probability distribution function.

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What is not considered an advantage of conducting a blinded experiment compared to an unblinded experiment?
Minimizing participant bias in response to group assignment.
Eliminating the need for a control group.
Increasing inter-experiment variability.
Decreasing rational IDs.
In multiple regressions where multicollinearity exists between independent variables what consequence might statisticians expect regarding coefficients estimation?
Estimation bias inherently gets reduced thus improving overall reliability associated closely alongside predictability factors inherently connected thereto directly.
Coefficient estimates may become unstable leading possibly towards wide confidence intervals or even changing signs depending upon correlation strength amongst predictors involved specifically.
In a simple random sample (SRS) from a population, which factor primarily determines whether or not the sampling distribution can be considered approximately normal?
Increasing the variance within the population sample from the choice of the level of significance (e.g., ).
The use of a stratified random sample instead of simple random sampling.
The sample size being sufficiently large (usually ).